Mitosis miscellaneous Flashcards
The cell is known as the basic ______
unit of life
State the three points to the cell theory.
All living things are made of cells.
The cell is the most basic unit of life.
All cells come from other cells (like parents)
Order the following according to what fits in the other, starting from you body and ending with Genes.
Body ——> Cell——> Nucleus——> Chromosomes——> DNA——> Genes
What is the purpose of cell division?
Cell pinches and splits so there are two new cells.
What is the purpose of interphase?
- Cell grows
- Cell performs functions (it’s job)
- Cell replicates DNA for mitosis again
How is aging and mitosis related?
Aging occurs when:
- mitosis slows down
- mitosis stops replacing body cells
- when mitosis makes mistakes when copying itself and the cell dies
What are some discoveries we have made in regards to extending life beyond our current age?
Scenescent cells- cells that stop mitosis, but don’t die, can affect healthy cells around them. Drugs to flush them out of mice have increased their lifespan by 30%.
Telomeres - the “caps” on the end of chromosomes, they shorten every time a cell goes through mitosis. By lengthening the telomeres scientists have extended mice lifespan by 29%.
How is cancer and mitosis related?
Cancer is essentially mitosis out of control. Cells continue to divide unchecked and can lead to toumors and the destruction of healthy tissues.
What is regeneration? What are some human body parts that can regenerate? What are some animals that use regeneration for their benefit?
Regeneration is the repair or replacement of dead or ingured tissue through mitosis.
Human body parts that regenerate are liver, nails, skin, hair.
Animals that can use regeneration are starfish, mushroom, salamander.
What do all forms of asexual reproduction mostly result in?
An exact copy of the parent.
What is superbugs?
Superbugs are bacteria which have become resistant to all or most antibiotics.
How have we helped develop bacteria into superbugs?
Antibiotic overuse
Ex. prescribing antibiotics for viruses, antibiotic use in factory farming
Antibiotic misuse
Ex. not finishing a prescription, allow stronger bacteria to survive
What is interphase and what are the important things a cell does during interphase?
Interphase is a stage of a cell’s cycle where it does it’s job, grows, and copies its DNA to get ready for mitosis again.
What is each side of a double stranded chromosome called?
One side of a chromosome is called a chromatid.
Why do your cells continually need to be replaced throughout your lifetime? Why are they replaced at different rates?
- Cells continually need to be replaced because they naturally wear out. They could also be damaged due to physical damage (accidents) or disease/sickness.
- They get replaced at different rates due to different environments.
Ex. skin and stomach lining need to be replaced quickly as they are exposed to harsh envrionments.
