Mitosis & Meiosis Quiz

Question 1

Mitosis

Answer 1

division of the eukaryotic nucleus; considered asexual reproduction; leads to two identical, diploid daughter cells 2n (diploid) → 2n (diploid)

Question 2

Prophase

Answer 2

nuclear envelope dissolves, spindle starts to form, centrosomes move to opposite poles, nucleolus disappears

Question 3

Prometaphase

Answer 3

microtubules now start to attach to the chromosomes, nonkinetochore microtubules interact with those from the opposite pole of the spindle

Question 4

Metaphase

Answer 4

chromosomes line up at the equator

Question 5

Anaphase

Answer 5

Microtubules shorten pulling sister chromatids apart and to each pole

Question 6

Telophase

Answer 6

Nuclear membrane reforms, chromosomes become less condensed

Question 7

Cytokinesis

Answer 7

division of the cytoplasm, in animal cells a cleavage furrow forms, in plant cells a cell plate forms

Question 8

Meiosis

Answer 8

sexual reproduction, results in four haploid daughter cells with genetic variation, produces gametes (egg and sperm), 2 nuclear divisions 2n (diploid)→ n (haploid) Genetic variation results from independent assortment of chromosomes and crossing over (prophase I – leads to recombinant chromosomes)

Question 9

Tetrad

Answer 9

one pair of homologous chromosomes

Question 10

Chiasmata (chiasma)

Answer 10

X shaped region where crossing over has occurred Synapsis – close association of a pair of homologous chromosomes (leads to crossing over)

Question 11

Spermatogenesis

Answer 11

formation of sperm in the testes of males

Question 12

Oogenesis

Answer 12

formation of ovum (egg) in ovaries of females

Question 13

Prophase I

Answer 13

Nuclear envelope dissolves, spindle forms, homologous chromosomes pair up, crossing over occurs

Question 14

Metaphase I

Answer 14

Homologous pairs of chromosomes line up at the equator

Question 15

Anaphase I

Answer 15

Homologous pairs of chromosomes separate

Question 16

Telophase I

Answer 16

Nuclear membrane reforms, two haploid daughter cells are formed

Question 17

Prophase II

Answer 17

Nuclear membrane dissolves, spindle forms

Question 18

Metaphase II

Answer 18

Individual chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate

Question 19

Anaphase II

Answer 19

Microtubules shorten, pulling chromosomes apart at their centromere