Mitosis and the Cell Cycle

Question 1

what is the cell cycle?

Answer 1

an ordered set of events beginning from the time the cell is formed until it divides

Question 2

where does the cell spend 90% of its time?

Answer 2

in interphase

Question 3

10% of a cell’s life is spent in the

Answer 3

mitotic phase

Question 4

what is mitosis?

Answer 4

nuclear division where the nucleus and its contents divide

Question 5

what is cytokinesis?

Answer 5

where the cytoplasm divides in half and forms two new cells

Question 6

unicellular organism increase the size of their population by

Answer 6

cell division

Question 7

multicellular organisms use cell division to

Answer 7

increase their overall size

Question 8

what are the three individual subphases of interphase ?

Answer 8

G1, S, G2

Question 9

during interphase the cell…

Answer 9

begins and continues to grow, replicating its DNA and preparing for cell division

Question 10

what does mitosis involve?

Answer 10

the separation of two complete copies of all the genetic material in the cell nucleus…copies navigate towards the poles of the cell

Question 11

during cytokinesis the cell divides through the

Answer 11

equator to produce two new cells

Question 12

the two new cells each have…

Answer 12

a complete copy of all the genetic information

Question 13

What is the purpose of mitosis?

Answer 13

to ensure that each daughter cell will identically compliment the genetic make-up of the parent cell

Question 14

mitosis is divided into four stages called?

Answer 14

1. prophase
2. metaphase
3. anaphase
4. telophase

Question 15

thin white sections of white fish embryo are called

Answer 15

corengonas

Question 16

sections of onion root are called?

Answer 16

allium cepa

Question 17

what occurs during G1?

Answer 17

produce proteins, enzymes, organelles, and molecules necessary for DNA replication

Question 18

during interphase chromosomes appear as

Answer 18

chromatin (long strands of DNA)

Question 19

what occurs during the S phase?

Answer 19

DNA replicates and the chromosomes duplicate forming sister chromatids

Question 20

what occurs during the G2 phase?

Answer 20

cell continues to grow and prepare for division

Question 21

sister chromatids are

Answer 21

duplicated chromosomes joined at a centromere

Question 22

during prophase…

Answer 22

the nuclear region becomes a darker oval as the chromatin condenses into distinct chromosomes

Question 23

what happens to the nuclear membrane during prophase?

Answer 23

it disappears

Question 24

what happens during metaphase?

Answer 24

chromosomes become clustered at the equator, and centromeres line up on the plate

Question 25

during anaphase the sister chromosomes?

Answer 25

move towards opposite ends of the cell

Question 26

in animal cells telophase is characterized by the appearance of

Answer 26

a cleavage furrow

Question 27

what is a cleavage furrow?

Answer 27

a shallow groove in the cell’s surface

Question 28

in plant cells telophase is characterized by the appearance of

Answer 28

a cell plate

Question 29

the formation of a cell plate marks the beginning of

Answer 29

cytokinesis

Question 30

what happens during cytokinesis?

Answer 30

the cytoplasm, organelles, and cytosol divides forming two new daughter cells