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Bioloy > Mitosis and Miosis > Flashcards

Mitosis and Miosis Flashcards

1
Q

What does mitosis do?

A

Divides a parent cell into two, creating two brand new cells

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2
Q

In mitosis, what is special about the newly formed cells

A

They are identical to each other and the parent cell

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3
Q

What is interphase

A

DNA in a circular nucleus that is growing bigger, getting ready for mitosis

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4
Q

What happens in DNA replication

A

The DNA is opened up and the bases match up, creating two strands of DNA

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5
Q

What happens when there is a mistake in DNA replication

A

A mutation

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6
Q

How many chromosome are in each cell?

A

46 in body cells, 23 in sex cells

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7
Q

What does mitosis allow for?

A

Growth to an organism
Repair by replacing damaged cells
Differentiation of cells by gene expression

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8
Q

What is the result of mitosis

A

Two new cells are created

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9
Q

What do chromosomes contain

A

Genetic information (DNA)

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10
Q

What is meiosis do?

A

Creates 4 unique gametes
Creates genetic variation
Divided chromosome number in half

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11
Q

What are gametes?

A

Sex cells

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12
Q

What makes each person different and unique?

A

Meiosis, when it creates new combinations of genes that didn’t exists before

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13
Q

What are mutations and where do they effect the DNA?

A

Changes in DNA of gametes that will be passed on

Changes in DNA in body cells will not be passed on

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14
Q

What is random assortment?

A

The idea that how chromosomes organize themselves will change the chromosome combination in the gametes

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15
Q

In random assortment, how many possibilities can come from 3 chromosomes?

A

8

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16
Q

What is the formula for random assortment the number of possibilities?

A

n—> 2n (squared)

17
Q

What does crossing over help do?

A

It helps create genetic variation by letting chromosomes exchange parts of their DNA

18
Q

What is a diploid cell?

A

It has 2 chromosomes.

19
Q

What is a haploid cell?

A

It is a sex cell, and has one chromosome

20
Q

In meiosis, chromosome numbers do from _______ to _______

A

Diploid to haploid

21
Q

In fertilization, chromosome numbers goes from _______ to _______.

A

Haploid to diploid

22
Q

In mitosis, chromosome numbers go from ______ to _______.

A

Diploid to diploid

Bioloy (3 decks)

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