Mitosis and Homeostasis Flashcards
mitosis
the division of a single parents cell into two identical daughter cells
cytokinesis
division of the cytoplasm
interphase
period of the cell cycle between cell divisions (when mitosis is not happening)
prophase
first phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus
metaphase
second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell
anaphase
the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes pairs separate and move toward opposite poles
telophase
fourth and final phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes begin to break down and the nuclei reform
parent cell
the original cell that divides
daughter cell
the new cells produced through division
diploid
a full set of chromosomes
somatic cell
body cells with a full set of chromosomes
homeostasis
the regulation of a stable internal environment
negative feedback
a control system that counters a change in the body
positive feedback
a control system that increases the rate of change in the body
nervous system
the network of nerve cells throughout the body, a fast-acting communication system
Central Nervous System (CNS)
consists of the brain anf spinal cord, received stimuli from outside and inside the body, then interprets it, and send out a response
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
all other nerves throughout the body, carries nerve impulses to and from the CNS
neuron
a specialized cell that transmits impulses through the body
endocrine system
a collection of organs that control hormone levels through the body, a slower communication system
hormone
the body’s chemical messengers that regulate the activity of specific cells or organs
