Mitosis

Question 1

Prophase

Answer 1

The first and longest stage of mitosis. In this stage the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.

Question 2

Metaphase

Answer 2

The second stage of mitosis. In this stage the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell and become connected to the spindle fiber at their centromere.

Question 3

Anaphase

Answer 3

The third stage of mitosis. In this stage the sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes and are pulled apart.

Question 4

Telophase

Answer 4

The fourth and last stage of mitosis. During this stage the chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and lose their distinct rod-like shapes. Two new nuclear membranes then form around each of the two regions of DNA and the spindle fibers disappear.

Question 5

Cytokinesis

Answer 5

The process that follows the last stage of mitosis. With two complete copies of the DNA now in two different regions of one cell, the cell membrane will pinch and divide the cytoplasm in half. The result is two individual cells that are identical to the original cell. Each of the two new cells have a complete copy of the DNA and contain all of the organelles that the original cell had.

Question 6

Interphase

Answer 6

A period of cell growth and normal activity. This period comes between mitosis in the cell cycle. Cells that do not need to replicate will spend their time in this stage. If a cell does need to divide, it will copy all of it’s DNA while period. This way, the cell has two complete copies of its DNA before it begins the process of mitosis.

Question 7

Mitosis

Answer 7

A four-stage process that creates two identical cells from one original cell.

Question 8

Synthesis

Answer 8

To produce two similar daughter cells, the complete DNA instructions in the cell must be duplicated. DNA replication occurs during this S (synthesis) phase. Gap 2 (G2): During the gap between DNA synthesis and mitosis, the cell will continue to grow and produce new proteins.

Question 9

Gap

Answer 9

Cells that are growing and dividing go through a repeating series of events called the cell division cycle (or cell cycle). During the first phase (G1), the cell grows and prepares for DNA replication, which occurs in the subsequent S phase. Further growth takes place in the G2 phase, and finally mitosis occurs in the M phase.
Known as interphase.

Question 10

Ontogeny

Answer 10

The study of the development of an individual organism or anatomical or behavioral feature from the earliest stage to maturity.