Mitosis Flashcards
Where does mitosis occur?
Somatic (body) cells
What does mitosis allow for?
Growth, development and repair
What type of reproduction occurs from mitosis?
Asexual (Identical cells)
What are the 5 phases of mitosis?
-Prophase
-Prometaphase
-Metaphase
-Anaphase
-Telophase
What occurs during prophase?
-Genetic material condenses and chromosomes become visible
-Centromeres replicate by motor proteins
Mitotic spindles assemble between to centrosomes
What disappears during prophase?
Nucleolus, Protein synthesis not required
What occurs during prometaphase?
-Nuclear membrane breaks down centrosomes released
-Chromosomes condense
-Kinetochore forms and microtubules attach
What is a kinetochore?
Point where the 2 sister chromatids are attached
What are the 2 regions of the kinetochore?
-The inner kinetochore tightly associates with the centromere DNA
-Outer kinetochore interacts with the microtubules
What occurs during metaphase?
-Chromosomes align along axis
-Spindle consists of microtubules and attaches to each chromosome
-Chromosomes align randomly
What occurs during anaphase?
-Each centromere splits into 2 sister chromatids
-Each chromatid moves towards pole
-Cell elongates
What occurs during telophase?
-Nucleolus and nuclear membrane form
-Short and thick chromosomes elongate and form chromatin
-Cleavage furrow forms
What occurs during cytokinesis?
-Cytoplasm pinches due to contracting ring of actin an myosin
What determines the position of the contracting ring?
Position of the mitotic spindle
