mitosis Flashcards
cell cycle
When cells in an organism go through a cycle of growth, development, and division .
Mitosis
The process by which a parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
Interphase
The stage of the cell cycle between periods of mitosis in which the cell grows
Prophase
the first stage of cell division, before metaphase, during which the chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears. The first prophase of meiosis includes the reduction division.
metaphase
the second phase of mitosis during which chromosomes line up along the center of the cell
Anaphase
the stage of meiotic or mitotic cell division in which the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle.
Telophase
the final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed.
Cytokinesis
the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.
Centriole
a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.
chromosome
the part of a cell that contains genes
DNA
a self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
centromere
the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division.
Sister chromatids
A sister chromatid refers to the identical copies (chromatids) formed by the DNA replication of a chromosome, with both copies joined together by a common centromere. In other words, a sister chromatid may also be said to be ‘one-half’ of the duplicated chromosome. A pair of sister chromatids is called a dyad.
Daughter cell
[ dô′tər ] Either of the two cells formed when a cell undergoes cell division by mitosis. Daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cell because they contain the same number and type of chromosomes.
