Mitochondrial chromosomes

Question 1

Characteristics of mitochondrial chromosomes

Answer 1

Each mitochondrion has 10 single circular double helices of DNA
Each circular DNA is 16, 569 bp corresponding to 37 genes

Question 2

Mitochondrial genome encodes

Answer 2

22 mitochondrial transfer RNAs,
Two types of mitochrondrial ribosomal RNA
13 polypeptides

Question 3

Mitochondrial polypeptides are synthesized on ____.

Answer 3

mitochondrial ribosomes

Question 4

T/F. Mitochondrial DNA differs from nuclear DNA with respect to the codon recognition pattern for several amino acids

Answer 4

True. e.g. UGA codes for tryptophan rather than chain termination

Question 4

Mitochondrial polypeptides are subunits involved in the various steps of ____.

Answer 4

cellular oxidative phosphorylation

Question 5

T/F. Each cell contains hundreds of mitochondria and, as they are found in the cytoplasm, they are transmitted in the egg from a mother to all of her children (i.e. maternal inheritance)

Answer 5

True.

Question 5

How many percent of the mitochondrial genome is protein coding?

Answer 5

66% c.f., 1.1% in the nuclear genome