Mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA

Question 1

Describe Edman degradation

Answer 1

Phenyl isothiocyanate reacts with the N-terminal amino group
Analysis through TLC or HLPC

Question 2

What are the 2 main hypotheses for ancient symbiosis?

Answer 2

Gradual origin

Fateful encounter

Question 3

Describe gradual origin

Answer 3

Aerobic bacteria symbiosis with anaerobic prokaryotes to make aerobic eukaryote and then photosynthetic bacteria go into eukaryote and form chloroplasts

Question 4

What is the evidence for ancient symbiosis?

Answer 4

They have fully developed cell membranes 
Have their own copy of DNA 
Can replicate themselves 
Have their own ribosomes
Can produce some proteins

Question 5

Describe the mitochondrial genome

Answer 5

DNA is passed through the female germ line
DNA is ds, circular, 16569 base pairs long, 37 genes that code for 2 rRNA, 22tRNA, and 13 polypeptides
The polypeptides are subunits of oxidative phosphorylation
Rely on imported nuclear products

Question 6

Describe the chloroplast genome

Answer 6

120-130 genes for photosynthesis, transcription, and translation