Mites Flashcards
What are the 3 orders of mites?
Astigmata, prostigmata and mesostigmata
What are the 3 families of astigmata mites?
Sarcoptidae, knemidokoptidae and psoroptidae
What are the 2 families of mesostigmata mites?
Macronyssidae or dermanyssidae
What are the 3 families of prostigmata mites?
Demodicae, cheyletiellidae and trombiculidae
What species is responsible for feline scabies?
Notodores cati
What species is responsible for sarcoptic mange? Which species suffer from this mite?
Sarcoptes scabei.
Dogs - pinnae, elbow and ventrum
Pig - external ear canal and dorsum
Why is a biopsy difficult to locate for sarcoptes scabei?
Large eggs are found in the epidermis of the skin, and the females burrow into the upper layers of the skin.
What is the survival off-host and the time of a life cycle of sarcoptes scabei?
Survival off-host: 2-3 weeks
Egg -> adult: 17-21 days
What are the clinical signs of sarcoptes scabei?
Intense itching Inflammation Hair loss Self-inflicted wounds Dried exudate Death - 2-4 months
What species is responsible for guinea pig scabies?
Trixicarus cavaie
What are the species of sarcoptidae?
Sarcoptes scabei
Trixicarus cavaie
Notoedres cati
What are the species of psoroptidae?
Otodectes cynotis
Chorioptes bovis
Psoroptes cuniculi
Psoroptes ovis
What is the pre-adult period, adult lifespan and off-host survival of psoroptes ovis?
Pre-adult period: 10-15 days
Adult lifespan: 20 days
Off-host survival: 16-18 days
What control measures are in place against psoroptes ovis?
Dip Inject Treat all new arrivals Check fences and gates Treat in autumn/Winter
What disease is caused by psoroptes cuniculi?
Ear scab
What is the host of psoroptes cuniculi?
Alpaca Rabbits Sheep Goat Antelope
Where can chorioptes bovis be found?
Lower legs
Base of tail perineum
Udder
What is the host of chorioptes bovis?
Camelids
Goats
Horse
Cattle
What is the lifecycle and lifetime output of chorioptes bovis?
Lifecycle: 3 weeks
Lifetime output: 20 eggs
What is the relative pathogenicity of chorioptes bovis in relation to psoroptes?
Less pathogenic than psoroptes
Where can otodectes cynotis be found?
Deep in the ear canals of dogs and cats
What is the length of survival and number of eggs produced of otodectes cynotis?
Live for: 2-3 weeks
Eggs produced: 15-20
What are the species of knemidokoptidae and what diseases are they responsible for?
K. gallinae -> depluming itch in birds
K. mutans -> Scaly leg in chickens
What is the lifecycle of a demodex mite?
18-24 days
How is a demodex mite passed between species?
Commensal. From the young suckling the dam.
Where are demodex mites found?
Sebaceous glands and hair follicles.
How can the presence of demodex mites be diagnosed?
Skin scrapings
Deep skin scrapings.
Hair plucks
Skin biopsy
What is the pathogenesis of demodex mites?
Follicular epithelium infilitrated with CD3+ & CD8+ t-cells
Decreased Th-1 cell activity, so decreased IL-2 production and it’s receptor.
What is the length of survival off-host with cheyletiellidae mites?
<10 days
What disease is caused by trombiculidae mites?
Pruritic skin disease. Due to development of hypersensitivity.
Describe the lifecycle of trombiculidae mites.
Larvae attaches to host for 3 days and feeds on tissue fluid. Then it falls off to complete it’s lifecycle.
Its is present on vegetation in mid/late summer -> autumn
What is the species of Northern Fowl mite?
Ornthonyssus sylvarium
What is the off-host survival of Ornthonyssus sylvarium?
1-3 weeks
What is the life cycle on the host of Ornthonyssus sylvarium?
5-12 days
Eggs are laid at the base of the feathers.
Only the protonymph and adults feeds.
What is the species of red mite?
Dermanyssus gallinae
What is the off-host survival and lifecyle of dermanyssus gallinae?
Off-host survival: 34 weeks
Lifecycle: 7 days, which is off of the host. They feed at night.
How are mesostigmata mites managed?
Sprays Isoazolines Avoid wild birds Licenced cleaning products. Deep clean Uncontaminated bedding.
What are the clinical signs of mesostigmata mites?
Decreased egg production
Death
Severe anaemia
Irritant to the birds
