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PHARM/MHD EXAM - 3 > Miscellaneous Information > Flashcards

Miscellaneous Information Flashcards

1
Q

What organisms are OBLIGATE intracellular?

What organisms are facultative intracellular?

A
  1. stay inside when it is Really CHilly and COld

Rickettsia,
Chlamydia
COxiella

2. Some Nasty Bugs May Live FacultativeLY
Salmonella
Neisseria
Brucella
Mycobacterium 
Listeria
Francisella
Legionella
Yersinia Pestis
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2
Q

What bacteria is encapsulated?

A 
SHiNE SKiS
Strep Pneumo
H. Influenzae
Neisseria Menigiditis
E. Coli

Salmonella
Klebsiella Pneumoniae
group B Strep

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3
Q

What organisms are urease positive?

A

CHuck norris hates PUNKSS

Cryptococcus
H. Pylori
Proteus
Ureaplasma
Nocardia
Klebsiella
S. epidermidis
S. Saprophyticus
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4
Q

What organisms are catalase positive?

A

Cats Need PLACESS to hide

Catalase degrades H202 into H20
(people with chronic granulomatous disease have recurrent infections with certain catalase organisms)

Nocardia
Pseudomonas
Listeria
Aspergillus
Candida
E. COli
Staph
Serratia
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5
Q

Nocardia, Pseudomonas, and Mycobacteria are examples of ____

Fusobacterium, Clostridium, Bacteroides, and Actinomyces are all what?

What antibiotics are ineffective against them?

A

AEROBES

Nagging Pests Must Breathe

All ANAEROBES

Anaerobes Frankly Can’t Breathe Air

  • Aminoglycosides are ineffective against anaerobes because these antibiotics require O2 to enter into bacterial cell
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6
Q

Which bus do not gram stain well?

A

These Microbes May Lack Real Color

Treponema
Mycobacteria
Mycoplasma
LEGIONELLA
Rickettsia (intracellular parasite)
Chlamydia (intracellular parasite)
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7
Q

Which bugs require giemsa staining?

A

Certain Bugs Really Try my Patience

Chlamydia
Borrelia
Rickettsia
Trypanosomes
Plasomodium
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8
Q

What is the drug of choice for Listeria?

A

Ampicillin

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9
Q

What is the DOC for legionella?

A

ERYTHROMYCIN

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10
Q

Cold hemaglutinins are used to diagnose which bacteria?

A

Mycoplasma

  • fried egg appearance
  • cause of atypical pneumonia
  • cholesterol needed for growth
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11
Q

Overal, what are cephalosporins NOT active against?

A 
MRSA
Coag negative Staph
ENTEROCOCCUS!!!!
Listeria (gram positive)
Legionella (atypical)
C. Difficile
Stenotrophomonas
Campylobacter
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12
Q

What is the only generation of cephalosporins with activity against Bacteroides?

A

SECOND GENERATION

The cephamycins (cefoxitin, cefotetan, and cefmetazole)
cefox, cefot, cefmet kill the B. frag!!!!
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13
Q

What drug can be used for rocky mountain spotted fever?

A

Tetracycline

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14
Q

What organism is associated with ASPIRATION pneumonia? (4 A’s
Alcoholics, Abscesses in lungs liver, diAbetics, Aspiration pneumonia)

A

KLEBSIELLA

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15
Q

Which 3 drug classes should be avoided in pregnancy?

A

Fluoroquinolones (floxi), –> ARTICULAR damage (+ tendon)
Metronidazole –> carcinogen
Tetracycline –> teeth discoloration

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16
Q

What drugs are exclusively excreted by the KIDNEY? (7)

A

Antibiotics primarily eliminated by kidneys include most

  1. -lactams (except nafcillin/oxacillin, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone)
  2. vancomycin,
  3. aminoglycosides (erythro, axithro, clarithromycin)
  4. some FQs (not moxi)
    5, Bactrim
  5. daptomycin
  6. tetracycline (not tigacycline or doxycycline)
17
Q

Penicillins and Cephalosporins Are Very Cidal For Microbes

A 
Are  Aminoglycosides
V  Vancomycin 
C  Carbepenams
F  Fluoroquinolones
M  Metronidazole
18
Q

CERBEPENEMS ARE NOT ACTIVE AGAINST what 6 bacteria?

Cephalosporins?

A
  1. MRSR
  2. PSRP
  3. VRE
  4. Atypicals
  5. Stenotrophomonas
  6. C diff

LAME

  1. Listeria
  2. Atypicals
  3. MRSA
  4. Enterococcus
19
Q

Vancomycin is NOT trouble free. Pneumonic?

Main action is for _____

How does it work?

A 
NOT 
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity (Like AG)
Thrombophlebitis
RED MAN SYNDROME!

Main = gram positive organisms (carbepenems/cephalosporins were lacking on this)

  1. MRSA
  2. PSRP
  3. Clostridium (C. DIFF!!!)
  4. Enterococcus
  5. Corynebacterium
  6. Listeria
  7. Bacillus

ALL GRAM POSITIVE ORGANISMS!!!

(no pseudo)

Works by binding to D-ala-D-ala subunit and inhibiting cell wall synthesis.

20
Q

Which drug is NOT used for pneumonia because it is inactivated by surfactant?

A

DAPTOMYCIN!!!

- acts by depolarizing cell membrane and inhibiting RNA

PHARM/MHD EXAM - 3 (21 decks)

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