Miscellaneous Cancer Drugs Flashcards
glucocorticoids general/MOA
hormone therapy for lymphomas/leukemias
inhibit mitosis in lymphocytes
prednisone TU
ALL
in MOPP and CHOP for Hodgkins and non-Hodgkins
multiple myeloma, CLL
dexamethasone TU
in conjunction with radiation to reduce edema related to brain and spinal cord tumors
tamoxifen general/MOA
SERM (selective estrogen receptor modulator)
most widely used; readily absorbed from oral administration
competes with estradiol for ER binding
tamoxifen TU
used for Tx of ER positive breast cancer
prevention of breast cancer in high-risk patients
tamoxifen Tox
hot flushes, hair loss, nausea, vomiting
increases risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events
fulvestrant general/MOA
SERD (selective ER downregulator)
100x affinity of tamoxifen
inhibits dimerization of ER and increases its degradation
fulvestrant TU
postmenopausal women with ER positive breast cancer
aromatase inhibitors (AIs) general/MOA
inhibit function of aromatase (activity in breast cancer patients increased, leading to inc estrogen levels)
can lead to profound estrogen deprivation in postmenopausal women
aminoglutethamide TU
1st generation AI; relatively weak, very toxic
anastrozole TU
3rd generation AI
potent and selective inhibitor
first line therapy for Tx of ER positive br ca in postmenopausal pts
leuprolide, goserelin
GnRH analogs
inhibit release of LH, FSH by binding GnRH receptor
decreased LH and FSH reduces testicular testosterone production
flutamide, bicalutamide
nonsteroidal AR blockers
compete with natural hormone for androgen receptor binding
androgen deprivation therapy
complete androgen ablation involves combination of GnRH analogs and AR blockers
hydroxyurea MOA
inhibits ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase, which is needed to make deoxyribonucleotides for DNA synthesis
