Miscellaneous Flashcards
What is prematurity?
When a baby is born more than 3 weeks prior to due date (i.e., at a gestational age of <37 weeks, given that normal gestation is 39-40 weeks).
What is pyramidal system?
One of the 2 semi-independent motor systems of the brain. It is comprised of the precentral motor cortex, spinal motor neurons, and the corticospinal tract. Is responsible for initiating and carrying signals for voluntary muscle contractions that enable skilled movements. Damage to the pyramidal system is associated with spastic cerebral palsy.
What is periventricular leukomalacia?
White matter necrosis around the ventricles that interrupts the throughput of motor tracts. Periventricular leukomalacia results from interrupted blood flow and oxygen to the area, particularly in preterm babies. In fact, PVL is often referred to as “white matter damage of prematurity.”
Which toxins in utero could lead to neuropsych changes in at least children?
Alcohol, cocaine, cannabis, mercury, polycholorinated biphenyls (PBCs), inorganic lead, anitepileptic medications (valproic acid and polytherapy), warfarin, and acne medication (Acutane). The effects of tobacco are equivocal yet there is increased risk for ADHD.
