miscellaneous

Question 1

idiopathic intracranial HTN (IHH)

Answer 1

aka pseudo tumor cerebra. HA disorder. due to impaired absorption of incr production of CSF. in young wverwt female otherwise healthy. RF: PSOC, endocrine D, excessive it A, steroid withdrawal. imaging see slit like ventricles and empty sella. effacement of basal cistern.
daily HA, epic of visual loss due to transient incr in ICP
exam: papilledema,
imaging: decr size of ventricle. empty sella sign- flattening of pituitary gland due to chronic incr ICP.
tx: acetazolamide decr CSF production. optic N sheath fenestration to relieve P, shunt ventricular system, wt loss best

Question 2

kernohan’s notch phenomenon

Answer 2

in uncal herniation. there may be compression of CL cerebral pedicure causing IL weakness = false localizing sign

Question 3

fibrous dysplasia

Answer 3

idiopathic bone disorder- failure of osteoblast to undergo normal dev and maturation. can occur anywhere in calvarium. there is involvement of maxillary, sphenoid, ethmoid, frontal bone. incr chance of malign bone tumor. tx if sx

Question 4

sarcoidosis

Answer 4

characterized by noncaseating granulomas. primarily in lung. 10% pt has CNS prob.
many patterns- basilar meningitis, facial N most commonly involved. brain parenchyma involved if spread of ca from leptomeninges.
granuloma formation in brain
DD- demyelination or neoplastic disease