Miscellaneous

Question 1

What are the five steps of the Information Processing Cycle?

Answer 1

Input, Process, Storage, Output, Communication.

Question 2

Provide an example for each step of the Information Processing Cycle.

Answer 2

Input: Keyboard
Processing: CPU
Storage: Hard drive
Output: Monitor

Question 3

Define software

Answer 3

Programs that perform tasks on a computer (e.g., Word).

Question 4

Define hardware

Answer 4

Physical parts of a computer (e.g., keyboard, CPU)

Question 5

Define ICT

Answer 5

Using technology for communication, data management, and automation.

Question 6

What are LAN and WAN?

Answer 6

Local Area Network - Covers a small area like an office.

Wide Area Network - Covers a large area like the internet.

Question 7

What is Ethernet and Wi-Fi?

Answer 7

Ethernet: Common LAN cable
- Transmits data over cable

Wi-Fi: Wireless network using radio waves
- Transmits data via wireless signals

Question 8

What is the function of a proxy server?

Answer 8

Filters and caches web requests, enhances security.

Question 9

Define subscription licensing.

Answer 9

• regular fees
• always updated
• no large upfront cost

Question 10

What are hotspots, and what are their limitations?

Answer 10

• Physical location where people can access the Internet, typically using Wi-Fi
• Limited range, shared bandwidth.

Question 11

List advantages and disadvantages of UTP

Answer 11

UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair):

Advantages:
- Cheap and widely available.
- Easy to install and flexible.

Disadvantages:
- Susceptible to electromagnetic interference (EMI).
- Shorter range compared to other cables.

Question 12

List advantages and disadvantages of STP (shielded twisted pair)

Answer 12

STP (Shielded Twisted Pair):

Advantages:
- Shielding reduces EMI better than UTP.
- Supports faster speeds over longer distances.

Disadvantages:
- More expensive than UTP.
- Less flexible, making installation harder.

Question 13

List advantages and disadvantages of Coaxial cabling

Answer 13

Advantages:
- Resistant to EMI (electromagnetic interference)
- Good for high-frequency signals.

Disadvantages:
- Bulkier and harder to install.
- Slower data transmission speeds than modern cables.

Question 14

List advantages and disadvantages of Ethernet

Answer 14

Advantages:
- Standard for LAN; supports high-speed data transfer.
- Easy to install and widely supported.

Disadvantages:
- Vulnerable to physical damage without protection.

Question 15

List advantages and disadvantages of Fibre Optic cabling

Answer 15

Advantages:
- Extremely high-speed data transfer.
- Immune to EMI and provides long-distance connectivity.

Disadvantages:
- Expensive to install and repair.
- Requires specialized tools and knowledge for installation.

Question 16

What are the main components of a motherboard and their purposes?

Answer 16

CPU Socket: Holds the processor.
RAM Slots: Houses memory modules.
PCI Slots: Connects expansion cards.
SATA Ports: Links storage devices.
Power Connectors: Supplies electricity to components.

Question 17

What is a switch in networking?

Answer 17

A device that connects multiple devices within a network, directing data to its destination.

Question 18

What is a NIC (Network Interface Card)?

Answer 18

A hardware component that connects a computer to a network, enabling communication over LAN or WAN.

Question 19

What is bandwidth?

Answer 19

The maximum data transfer rate of a network, measured in bits per second (bps).

Question 20

What is a sensor?

Answer 20

A device that detects and responds to physical inputs like temperature, light, or motion.

Question 21

What is an accelerometer?

Answer 21

A sensor that measures acceleration and tilt, commonly found in smartphones.