Miscellaneous

Question 1

4 areas of testing

Answer 1

Intelligence testing
- Cognitive impairment (CI)
(Problem) Behavior
- Emotional impairment (EI)
Achievement testing
- Specific learning disability (SLD)
Adaptive behavior (Life skills)
- Cognitive impairment (CI)

Question 2

Suggestions for working with culturally diverse families

Answer 2

-Have native speakers for contacting parents
-Have trained interperpates at meetings
-Recognize and respect diversity
-Conduct meetings in family- friendly settings

Question 3

What is “gold standard” research

Answer 3

It is RCTs which is randomized control trials

Question 4

What is the % of school age children receiving special education services

Answer 4

9.5% of the school are population

Question 5

What are the three general trends?

Answer 5

1. twice as many females qualify for special ed ( stereotypes/gender expectations)
2. The # of students receiving special ed is continuously growing (Better/ earlier diagnosis)
3. The # of students with ASD is 10X higher than 10 years ago (changes in diagnosis)

Question 6

Benefits of labeling/ classifying

Answer 6

• Means the child can get special ed and related services
  -Helps build identity
  -Could give peers a better understanding
  -Recognizing meaningful differences
  -Provides basis for funding and resources
  -Makes children’s needs more visible to policy makers and public

Question 7

Disadvantages of labeling/ classifying

Answer 7

-Peer issues
-Imposter syndrome, Identity problems
-Negatively effect self esteem
-Focuses on what students cannot do
-May cause others to have low expectations
-Often misunderstood or misused terms

Question 8

Why is school more effective when parents/ families are involved?

Answer 8

Educational effectiveness is enhanced when parents and families are involved

Question 9

Principles of effective communication

Answer 9

-Stay focused
* Focus on the child’s educational program and progress
-Accept parents statements
* Respect parents point of view
-Listen actively
* Respond to parents with interest and animation
-Question effectively
* Speak plainly and use open ended questions
-Encourage
* Describe and show parents their child’s improving performance

Question 10

What are the EAHCA amendments of 1986

Answer 10

• Extend requirements for free, appropriate education to 3-5 year olds with disabilities
• Offers incentives for states to provide services for children with disabilities or who are “at-risk” birth -2

Question 11

What is the importance of early intervention?

Answer 11

Enhances the development of young children who exhibit delays and helps children at risk

Question 12

Why is special education research complex?

Answer 12

• Variability of participants and difficulty in establishing equivalent groups
  -educational context
  -law prevalence of certain disorders
  -Non treatment groups are usually not possible (for critical reasons)

Question 13

Biological risk factors

Answer 13

-Parent with chronicle illness
-low birth weight
-small for age baby
-chronic ear infections

Question 14

Early intervention
The Milwaukee project

Answer 14

At risk group- Kids with moms who have low iqs, poverty
What early intervention- parent training + childcare
Control group- No treatment
Findings- Early intervention works

Question 15

early intervention
Infant health and development program (IHDP)
(Mid 1980’s)

Answer 15

At risk group- Infants with low birth weight, premature
What early intervention- Home visits + early eduction
Control group- Kids with higher birth weights
Findings- positive correlation by level of participation matters

Question 16

Early intervention
The Abecedarian project
(1970’s)

Answer 16

At risk group- Poverty, kids shortly after birth up to kindergarten
What early intervention- Intense preschool 5days/50 hours
Control group- Supplemental medical, nutritional and social services
Findings- By age 3 kids who were in the intervention group made multiple gains than controlled group

Question 17

Early intervention
The Abecedarian project
(1970’s)

Answer 17

At risk group- Poverty, kids shortly after birth up to kindergarten
What early intervention- Intense preschool 5days/50 hours
Control group- Supplemental medical, nutritional and social services
Findings- By age 3 kids who were in the intervention group made multiple gains than controlled group

Question 18

Environmental risk factors

Answer 18

-Lack of stable residence
- Poverty
-No health care insurance
- Parent child separation

Question 19

Early intervention
Skeels and Dye
(1939)

Answer 19

At risk group- 1- 2 year olds with intellectual disabilities, orphanage
What early intervention- 1-1 attention and intensive stimulation
Findings- Iq gains, independence, and success in adult hood