Miscellaneous Flashcards
Which medicines would you avoid in a patient with a peanut allergy?
Mnemonic: Avoid Eating Utterly Crunchy And Delicious Nuts
- Arachis Oil
- Estriol cream (Gynest)
- Utrogesten
- Cortiment (budesonide)
- Abidec multivitamin drops
- Desogestrel brands (Feanolla/Lovima/Moonia)
- Naseptin cream
What are the side effects of the progesterone only pill?
Mnemonic: Weigh Left Breast On Modern Scales
- Weight increased
- Libido changes
- Breast tenderness
- Ovarian cysts
- Mood changes
- Skin reactions
What interacts with Levothyroxine?
- CYP inducers
- Phenytoin
- Carbamazepine
- soya
- Milk
- Dietary fibre
- Coffee
What are the cautions and contraindications GLP-1 agonists?
- Avoid in ketoacidosis
- Avoid in severe GI disease with exenatide, liraglutide, dulaglutide and lixisenatide
- caution in severe heart failure with liraglutide and semaglitide
- caution in the elderly due to weight loss
- Avoid in renal impairment with exenatide if eGFR <30, caution with immediate release if eGFR 30-50
What are the side effects of statins?
Mnemonic: STATIN
- Sugars raised (hyperglycaemia)
- Transaminase (raised liver enzymes)
- Aches and pains (risk of myopathy)
- Tendon disorders
- Interstitial lung disease (watch the symptoms of cough, dyspnoea and weight loss)
- Nausea
What interacts with theophylline?
- nonselective beta blockers
- Drugs that cause hyperkalaemia
- Theophylline is the substrate of CYP - inhibitors and inducers will affect its concentration
What are the signs of theophylline overdose?
SHARD V
- Vomiting
- Agitation
- Restlessness
- Dilated pupils
- Sinus tachycardia
- Hyperglycaemia
More severe side-effects
- Haematemesis
- Convulsions
- Supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias
- Severe hypokalaemia, which may develop rapidly
Which drugs cause gynaecomastia? (man boobs)
Mneumonic: BOOBS, The Fuck?
- Bicalutamide
- Omeprazole
- Oestrogen (Diethylstilbestrol for prostate cancer)
- Blockers H2 receptor (cimetidine/famotidine)
- Spironolactone
- Testosterone
- Finasteride
You are providing medicines information advice within the hospital, and have been asked to teach some foundation doctors about pharmacokinetics – absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
Which of the following drugs normally requires a loading dose to help reach therapeutic levels?
- Aspirin, t(1/2) = 15m
- Digoxin, t(1/2) = 40h
- Midazolam, t(1/2) = 30m
- Paracetamol, t(1/2) = 2h
- Tetracycline, t(1/2) = 12h
Digoxin, t(1/2) = 40h
What are the Cytochrome P450 Inducers?
Mnemonic: P3RONE to Seeing Big Cats (Think Big = ⬆️ = Inducing)
Phenytoin/Phenobarbital/Pioglitazone
Rifampacin
Omeprazole
Nevirapine
Efravirenz
to
Secobarbital
Broccoli/Brussel Sprouts
Carbamazepine/Oxcarbazepine
