Miscellaneous

Question 1

What hormones do the ovaries produce

Answer 1

estrogen, progesterone, inhibin, and relaxin

Question 2

When are inhibin and relaxin produced in women and what do they do

Answer 2

during pregnancy inhibin inhibits FSH and relaxin relaxes cartilage so pubic symphysis can widen during birth

Question 3

What hormones do the testes produce

Answer 3

testosterone and inhibin

Question 4

When do males produce inhibin

Answer 4

When sperm levels become too high, Inhibin inhibits/reduces spermatogenesis

Question 5

Where is melatonin produced and when is it secreted the most

Answer 5

the pineal gland

-secreted more in darkness

Question 6

What is melatonin though to do

Answer 6

setting the body’s biologic clock

Question 7

What hormone does the atria of the heart produce and why

Answer 7

Atrial-natriuretic protein (ANP), produced when atria are stretched , aids in reduction of blood volume/pressure

Question 8

What 3 hormones are produced in the kidneys and what do they do

Answer 8

1. Renin=stimulates release of aldosterone
2. Erythropoietin (EPO)=stimulates RBC synthesis
3. Calcitriol=stimulates Ca absorption in the gut

Question 9

What 2 hormones do adipose tissue produce and what do they do

Answer 9

1. Leptin promotes satiety

2. Adiponectin= helps reduce insulin resistance

Question 10

Name the hormones produced by the Thymus to promote T cell maturation

Answer 10

1. Thymosin
2. Thymic humoral factor
3. Thymic factor
4. Thymopoietin

Question 11

What 4 hormones does the liver produce and what do they do

Answer 11

1. IGFs
2. Angiotensinogen= part of RAAS to raise BP
3. Thrombopoietin= stimulates platelet production
4. Hepcidin= block release pf iron into body fluids

Question 12

Name 4 digestive tract hormones and there function

Answer 12

1. Gastrin=promotes H secretion from parietal cells and stimulates growth of gastric mucosa
2. Cholecystokinin (CCK)=stimulates gallbladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme release and slow gastric emptying
3. Glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide=when food is in intestine triggers insulin release and inhibits H secretion by partial cells
4. Secretin= secretion of pancreatic and billary bicarb and inhibits gastrin

Question 13

Where are Eicosanoids found

Answer 13

all cells except RBCs

Question 14

True or False Eicosanoids are local hormones

Answer 14

True, para and autocrine

Question 15

What are 2 types of eicosanoids

Answer 15

Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes

Question 16

Where is Histamine synthesized and how is it stimulated

Answer 16

• synthesized by mast cells and platelets

- stimulated by physical trauma to cells containing histamine

Question 17

What is the function of Histamine

Answer 17

• contraction of smooth muscles
• dilate blood vessels
• stimulates gastric acid synthesis
• increases permeability of capillaries

Question 18

Where is Serotonin synthesized

Answer 18

cells of the intestine, brain, CNS

Question 19

True or False Serotonin is store in platelets

Answer 19

true

Question 20

What are the 3 stress response stages

Answer 20

1. Alarm phase= stress response starts
   - adrenal cortex and sympathetic nervous symptom increased
2. The resistance phase=stressor is gone, but still dealing w/ psychologic aftermath,
   - parasympathetic increases, sympathetic/steriods decreases
3. The exhaustion phase=stressor is not removed or the resistance phase was not sufficient enough
   - depletion of physical and psychologic energy
   - prolonged cortisol exposure and sympathetic stimulation