MISC PjM

Question 1

Critical Path Method

Answer 1

The schedule is based on the longest stretch of dependent activities. So if pouring the foundation must happen before you can build the next thing, that would be a stop on the critical path.

Question 2

Float

Answer 2

The amount of time a task can be delayed without causing delay to subsequent tasks. An activity’s float can be started or finished within the range of time prior to the project completion date without affecting the overall schedule. There is no float to activities on the critical path.

Question 3

Milestone chart

Answer 3

Good for scheduling small projects with only a few participants. Includes a list of deadlines and an assignment of responsibility for each task.

Question 4

Bar / Gantt Chart

Answer 4

Includes time across the top axis; tasks down the left side. Bars are used to show how long each task is expected to take. Dependencies are typically shown through arrows, and milestones are shown with diamonds. Used for larger projects.

Question 5

Project Work Plan

Answer 5

A description of the requirements, program deliverables, team structure and responsibility, budget, schedule, contact information, deadlines, and milestones

Question 6

Responsibility Matrix

Answer 6

Used to assign tasks to specific team members

Question 7

Unit Cost Method

Answer 7

Used by contractors and is considered the most accurate method because they cost out every line item. This can only be done with Construction Documents.

Question 8

Life Cycle Cost Analysis

Answer 8

Considers the initial cost and the long term expense of an item or system.

• Long term cost should outweigh initial cost (due to efficiency)
• LCA should be done with multiple scenarios to compare and contrast, or should be performed against baseline

Question 9

Hard Costs

Answer 9

Expenses directly associated with construction, including materials, labor, contingency, and contractor’s overhead and profit

Question 10

Soft Costs

Answer 10

Includes design fees, legal fees, cost of financing, insurance, administration, moving costs

Question 11

Bidding documents include:

Answer 11

• advertisement (or invitation) to bid
• instructions to bidders
• bid forms
• bid security information
• performance bond requirements
• labor and material payment bond

Question 12

Procurement Documents include:

Answer 12

• Project manual
• contract documents
• any issued addenda

Question 13

Performance Bond

Answer 13

Statement by a surety company that obligates complete construction of the project in the event the contractor defaults and cannot finish the work. This protects the owner from the contractor.

Question 14

Labor and Materials Payment Bond

Answer 14

Protects owners from liens and guarantees payment for sub contractors. The surety pays for the subcontractors to keep working, money owed, if contractor quits/goes bankrupt/whatever. This protects the subs from the contractor.

Question 15

Project manual

Answer 15

Contains all contracts and non-contract documents other than drawings.

1. Bidding requirements
2. Contract info (owner-architect agreement, bonds, etc)
3. General and supplementary conditions of the contract
4. Technical specifications

Question 16

Who pays for sales, consumer, use, and similar taxes?

Answer 16

Contractor

Question 17

Who pays for printing costs?

Answer 17

Owner

Question 18

ConsensusDocs

Answer 18

A set of contracts developed by contractor and trade groups to end what they see as a bias towards the architect in the AIA contracts

Question 19

Typical proportion of fee (by phase)

Answer 19

SD: 15%
DD: 20%
CD: 45%
BID: 5%
CA: 25%

Question 20

Project Phases of IPD

Answer 20

1. Conceptualization (pre-design)
2. Criteria Design (SD)
3. Detailed Design (DD)
4. Implementation Documents (CD)
5. Agency Review, Buyout (Bidding)
6. Construction
7. Closeout

Question 21

Privity

Answer 21

Legal concept that a contract cannot confer rights or impose obligations upon any person not in that contract. A lack of privity means that you have no contractual relationship and are legally protected (i.e., Architect to Subcontractor)

Question 22

Indemnification

Answer 22

If you are indemnified, you are “held harmless” against the actions of specific named parties. A201 indemnifies architects and owners from damages that result from work carried out by those whom they have no contractual relationship.

Question 23

Betterment

Answer 23

Concept of improving something… when a negligence claim is due to omission (not error), betterment entails that the Architect will only pay for the premium to improve the project beyond what was omitted