Misc Physiology Flashcards
Where does aldosterone mainly act in the kidney?
Main action(s)
Renal distal convoluted tubule
Na+ retention and K+ loss
Actions of the enzymes pepsisn?
Bread down proteins in the stomach
Precursor of pepsin and which cells produce it?
Pepsinogen
Chief cells in the gastric mucosa
Principle function of gastrin
Increase H+ secretion
Which vitamins are water soluble?
B & C
What do cholera toxins activate?
adenylate cyclase and increase cAMP in the intestinal crypts
In crypt cells cAMP activates Cl- secretory channels
Preload is primarily dependent on..?
End diastolic volume
Which of Para and Sympathetic NS inhibit pancreatic exocrine secretion? (for fat digestion)
Sympathetic
(Para stimulates!)
How is parotid gland secretions different to submandibular?
more watery, proteinaceous, less mucoid
Action of the kidneys re Vit D production
Hydroxylation of vit D to it’s physiologically active form
Resting potential of the SA node?
-60 mV
What is the threshold potential of the SA node?
-40 mV
What stimulates colonic mass movement after a meal?
Distension of the stomach and duodenum
Which nerve stimulates the external anal sphincter ?
The motor fibres of pudendal nerve stimulates the striated muscle of the external sphincter
Which nerve stimulates the external anal sphincter ?
The motor fibres of pudendal nerve stimulates the striated muscle of the external sphincter
What causes the action potential in the SA node?
slow L-type Ca2+ channels
What causes a normal anion gap in metabolic acidosis?
Loss of bicarbonate (causing compensatory rise in Cl- concentration so the anion gap is normal)
3 types of capillaries
Continous - most selective
Fenestrated - less tight junctions and some pores
Discontinous - large gaps, permeable to RBC
Where are continous capillaries found?
Lungs, muscles and CNS
Where are fenestrated capillaries found?
Renal glomeruli
Endocrine glands
Intestinal villi
Where are discontinous capillaries found?
Reticuloendothelial system -> Bone marrow, liver and spleen
Haemopoesis takes place where….
1st few weeks of gestation
6 weeks to 7 months
Onwards
Yolk sac
Liver and spleen
Bone marrow
MP calculation
Diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure
(pulse pressure = SP - DP)
Precursor of pepsin and which cells produce it?
Pepsinogen
Chief cells in the gastric mucosa
