Cardiac Flashcards
1
Q
Usual stroke volume =
A
70 ml
2
Q
Normal end systolic volume =
A
50ml
3
Q
Ejection fraction formula =
A
SV / EDV
4
Q
Total blood volume in a healthy adult
A
5L
5
Q
Usual cardiac output =
A
70 (SV) x 70 (av HR) = 49000
6
Q
How can the MAP be calculated?
A
Diastolic + 1/3 of pulse pressure (systolic - diastolic pressure)
7
Q
Why is MAP not just the mean of diastolic and systolic pressure?
A
The heart is in diastole 60% of the time
8
Q
What does inotropes act on?
A
Intracellular Ca2+
9
Q
Why is acidosis negatively inotropic?
A
H+ competes for Ca2+ binding sites
10
Q
Vasoconstricting Agents (4)
A
Endothelin - 1
Thromboxane A2
Angiotensin II
Noradrenaline
11
Q
Vasodilating Agents (4)
A
Nitric oxide
Prostacyclin
Beta-agonists
Calcium-channel blockers
