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PTCB > Misc. Drugs > Flashcards

Misc. Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Exceptions to poison prevention packaging

A
  • Drugs used in hospitals/nursing homes
  • 10mg or less sublingual nitroglycerin & isosorbide dinitrate
  • cholestyramine & colestipoc powder
  • unit dose potassium
  • mebendazole <600mg
  • methylprednisolone<84 (medrol dose packs)
  • prednisone pack <105mg
  • cyclically administered birth control & hormone replacement in dispensers
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2
Q

Drugs that change urine color:

A

Yellow/orange: sulfasalazine, isoniazid
Brown: metronidazole, senna, phenytoin, levodopa, chloroquine, iron supplements
Green: amitriptyline, cimetidine, methocarbamol, promethazine, indomethacin, metoclopramide
Red/orange: rifampin
Dark or orange: phenazopyridine
Yellow/brown: nitrofurantoin

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3
Q

Thalomide

A
  • treats certain cancers
  • REMS drug (contract, no refills, 28 day fill only)
  • prompted Kefauver-Harris Amendment
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4
Q

Viberzi (eluxadoline)

A

CIV for diarrhea and IBS

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5
Q

Carbamazepine

A

Comes in chewable form; may lower PT/INR results

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6
Q

Duloxetine (cymbalta) SNRI

A
  • Take one/day in the morning

* treats depression and nerve pain

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7
Q

Tetracycline (antibiotic)

A
  • fatal if expired
  • antibiotic for skin/acne
  • side effects: nausea, vomiting, black hairy tongue
  • permanent staining of teeth (including fetus, if pregnant)
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8
Q

Naproxen (NSAID)

A

*may cause dizziness/drowsiness

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9
Q

Phytonadine (vit k replacement)

A

*Antidote to Coumadin/warfarin overdose

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10
Q

Proventil HFA (bronchodilator used to treat asthma, COPD)

A

2 puffs inhaled q4-6h

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11
Q

Crixivan

A
  • dispense in manufacturer bottle

* HIV antiviral

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12
Q

Hazardous drugs

A

Cisplatin, estradiol, ethinyl estradiol, etoposide, fluorouracil, ganciclovir, isotretinoin, methotrexate, tamoxifen, zidovudine

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13
Q

Drugs with narrow therapeutic index

A

Aminoglycosides, ciclosporin, carbamazepine, digoxin, digitoxin, flecainide, lithium, phenytoin, phenobarbital, rifampicin, theophylline, warfarin

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14
Q

USP/Medmarx top 10 drugs involved in errors

A
  1. Insulin 2. Albuterol 3. Morphine
  2. KCl (potassium chloride) 5. Heparin
  3. Cefazolin 7. Warfarin 8. Furosemide
  4. Levofloxacin 10. Vancomycin 11. Acetaminophen
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15
Q

High-alert meds in community/ambulatory care facilities

A
  • carbamazepine
  • heparin
  • Metformin
  • methotrexate
  • midazolam liquid
  • warfarin
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16
Q

High-alert meds in a cute care facilities

A
  • flolan (iv)
  • methotrexate (oral)
  • oxytocin
  • potassium chloride for injection
  • promethazine (iv)
  • vasopressin (iv)
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17
Q

High-alert meds in long term care facilities

A
  • anticoagulants
  • chemo
  • insulins
  • parenteral nutrition
  • opioids
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18
Q

Drugs measured in units or meq not mg

A

Heparin, insulin, vitamin E, and some other vitamins, hormones (potassium chloride = meq)

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19
Q

Drugs causing elevated BUNs

A
  • carbamazepine
  • furosemide
  • propranolol
  • spironolactone
  • cephalosporins
  • tetracyclines
  • thiazide diuretics
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20
Q

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Drug endings

A

-sartan

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21
Q

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

Drug endings

A

-pril

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22
Q

Calcium channel blockers (drug endings)

A

-dipine

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23
Q

Loop diuretics (drug endings)

A

-semide

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24
Q

Carbamazepine effect on PT/INR

A

May lower the results

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25
Q

Ciprofloxacin effects on PT/INR results

A

May raise or elevate a patient’s results

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26
Q

Levothyroxine effects on PT/INR results

A

May raise or elevate results

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27
Q

Naproxen effects on PT/INR results

A

May raise or elevate results

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28
Q

Furosemide

A

Take with orange juice or banana bc furosemide adverse effect is hypokalemia (low blood potassium)

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29
Q

Januvia

A

Sitagliptin

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30
Q

Isosorbide is for…

A

Angina

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31
Q

Coreg

A

Carvedilol

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32
Q

Which class of drugs contributes to PUD?

A

NSAIDS

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33
Q

Lescol

A

Fluvastatin

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34
Q

Kcl (potassium supplement) uses which unit of measurement?

A

Milliequivalents

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35
Q

Arimidex

A

Anastrozole

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36
Q

Primaxin

A

Imipenem/cilastatin

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37
Q

What class does digoxin belong to?

A

Cardiac glycoside

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38
Q

Chemical disinfectant

A

Destroys infectious fungi, viruses, and bacteria on inanimate surfaces.

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39
Q

Antiseptic

A

Inhibits or destroys microorganisms on living tissues

40
Q

Sanitizing agent (does what)

A

Reduces the number of bacteria, fungi, and viruses on inanimate surfaces

41
Q

Med used to reverse the effect of heparin…

A

Protamine sulfate

42
Q

Hyzaar

A

Losartan + hydrochlorothiazide

43
Q

Alteplase recombinant injection

A

(Activase) thrombolytic agent after MI

44
Q

Nexterone

A

Amioderone HCl injection; class III antiarrhythmic

45
Q

Abelcet

A

Amphotericin B lipid complex; antifungal agent

46
Q

Argatroban

A

Acova; anticoagulant

47
Q

Benztropine

A

Cogentin; anticholinergic; for Parkinson’s

48
Q

Fluvastatin

A

Lescol; Available as capsule

49
Q

Pulse dosing

A

Dosing that produces escalating antibiotic levels early in the dosing interval, followed by a prolonged dose-free period. (Itraconazole is dosed this way)

50
Q

Elixir

A

Clear, sweetened, flavored hydro alcoholic solution that may or may not be medicated

51
Q

Metoprolol

A

Lopressor: beta blocker for hypertension; also can lower ldl cholesterol

52
Q

Abciximab

A

ReoPro; used to prevent blood clots and heart attacks; must be administered parenterally

53
Q

Tolterodine

A

Detrol la: overactive bladder

54
Q

Antidote to Tylenol overdose

A

Acetylcysteine

55
Q

Remicade

A

Infliximab; for rheumatoid arthritis

56
Q

Apidra

A

For diabetes; insulin glulisine

57
Q

Insulin NOT requiring rx

A

Humulin R and Novolin R

58
Q

Clopidogrel

A

Plavix; antiplatelet

59
Q

Lovenox

A

Enoxaparin; administered sub q; anticoagulant; deep vein thrombosis

60
Q

Rivaroxaban

A

Xarelto; stroke prophylaxis

61
Q

Quetiapine

A

Seroquel; schizophrenia

62
Q

Zestril

A

Lisinipril ; ace inhibitor for hypertension

63
Q

Procardia

A

Nifedipine; calcium channel blocker; hypertension

64
Q

Ranitidine

A

Zantac; h2 antagonist (indicated for GERD)

65
Q

Furosemide

A

Lasix; hypertension (loop diuretic); ototoxicity; may increase blood glucose levels; may cause photosensitivity

66
Q

Travoprost

A

Travatan; glaucoma

67
Q

Liraglutide

A

Victoza; For diabetes; administered sub q

68
Q

Alendronate with vitamin d

A

Taken once weekly

69
Q

Tapazole

A

Methimazole; treats hyperthyroidism

70
Q

Cytomel

A

Liothyronine; treats hypothyroidism

71
Q

Palonosetron

A

Aloxi; treats nausea/vomiting

72
Q

Heparin (anticoagulant) available in how many units/ml?

A

1,000, 5,000, 10,000, and 20,000 units/ml

73
Q

Lotronex

A

Alosetron; legend drug treats diarrhea

74
Q

Benztropine

A

Cogentin; treats side effects of antipsychotics by responding to the excess muscle activity produced by them; anticholinergic used to treat Parkinson’s

75
Q

Guaifenesin

A

Mucinex; expectorant

76
Q

Electrolytes are measured in…

A

MEq

77
Q

Esomeprazole

A

Nexium; treats Gerd, PPI

78
Q

Drugs that may elevate PT/INR levels

A

Levothyroxine
Ciprofloxacin
Naproxen
Oral contraceptives

79
Q

Benicar

A

Olmesartan; angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) for hypertension

80
Q

Beclomethasone (inhaled)

A

Used to prevent asthma attacks; not for pt’s with glaucoma

81
Q

Anticonvulsants interact with…

A

Oral contraceptives

82
Q

Viracept

A

Nelfinavir; hiv antiviral

83
Q

Duloxetine

A

Cymbalta; SNRI treats depression; may cause hypertension

84
Q

Vitamin b12

A

Cyanocobalamin

85
Q

Vitamin b6

A

Pyridoxine

86
Q

Vitamin b1

A

Thiamine

87
Q

Vitamin a

A

Retinol

88
Q

Ganciclovir

A

Cytovene; Treats cmv; may cause leukopenia (low white blood cells)

89
Q

Medication that potentiates the effect of insulin

A

Metoprolol

90
Q

What classification does benzonatate (tessalon) belong?

A

Antitussive

91
Q

What classification of drug is used for osteoporosis?

A

Biphosphonates

92
Q

What classification of drug is used for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis?

A

Cox2

93
Q

Ciprofloxacin

A

Dose every 12 hours

94
Q

Ampicillin

A

Dose every 6 hours

95
Q

Cephalexin

A

Dosed 4 times a day

96
Q

Azythromycin

A

Dosed once a day

PTCB (7 decks)

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