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Pre-reg revision > Misc. clinical revision > Flashcards

Misc. clinical revision Flashcards

1
Q

Which drug DOES NOT cause hyperkalaemia?

  • Beta blockers
  • Heparins
  • Co-trimoxazole
  • Paracetamol
  • Ciclosporin
A

Paracetamol

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2
Q

A patient is admitted with hyperkalaemia, which drug may have caused this?

  • Sodium bicarbonate
  • Citalopram
  • Eplenerone
  • Atorvastatin
A

Eplenerone - aldosterone antagonist

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3
Q

Can digoxin cause hyperkalaemia?

A

Yes at toxic levels

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4
Q

‘Beta blockers can cause hyperkalaemia’

True or false?

A

True

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5
Q

Which drug DOES NOT cause hyperkalaemia?

  • Aliskiren
  • Tacrloimus
  • Amiloride
  • Metformin
  • Heparin
A

Metformin

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6
Q

Which drug does NOT cause hypokalaemia?

  • Theophylline
  • Gentamicin
  • Insulin
  • Sodium bicabonate
  • Mesalazine
A

Mesalazine

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7
Q

What side effect is caused by excessive laxative use?

A

Hypokalaemia

Consequence of excess use of stimulant laxatives eg, senna, docusate, biacodyl, sodium picosulfate

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8
Q

Which diuretics can cause hypokalaemia?

A

Loop + thiazide like diuretics

eg, furosemia, bumetanide, bendro, indapamide

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9
Q

Which drug does NOT cause hypokalaemia?

  • Cisplatin
  • Miconazole
  • Parecoxib
  • Caspofungin
  • Fludrocortisone
A

Miconazole

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10
Q

Which antibiotics can cause hypokalaemia?

A
  • Gentamicin

- High dose penicillins

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11
Q

What is the normal plasma range for K+?

A

3.5-5.1 mmol/L

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12
Q

Which drug DOES NOT cause hypernatraemia?

  • Sodium bicarbonate
  • Prednisolone
  • Oral contraceptive
  • Salbutamol
  • Furosemide
A

Salbutamol

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13
Q

What may be a cause of hypernatraemia that is NOT a medicine?

A
  • Dehydration

- DKA

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14
Q

What is the normal plasma sodium level?

A

133-146 mmol/L

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15
Q

Which drugs do NOT cause hyponatraemia?

  • Antidepressants
  • Desmopressin
  • Sulphonylureas
  • Beta-blockers
  • Cyclophosphamide
A

Beta-blockers

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16
Q

Can all antidepressants cause hyponatraemia?

A

Yes - most common with SSRIs

17
Q

Which anti-diabetic drugs are associated with hyponatraemia?

A

Sulphonylureas

eg, gliclazide, glibenclamide, tolbutamide etc

18
Q

Which anti-epileptics are associated with hyponatraemia?

A

Carbemazepine, oxcarbazepine, eslicarbazepine

19
Q

Which drug does NOT cause hypokalaemia?

  • Olanzapine (anti-psychotic)
  • Ramipril (ACE-i)
  • Citalopram (SSRI)
  • Atovaquone (anti-malarial)
  • Digoxin (cardiac glycoside)
20
Q

Signs of hyponatraemia?

A 
Convulsions
N+V
Confusion
Headache
Weakness
21
Q

What does the abbreviation pc mean?

A

After food

22
Q

What does the abbreviation ac mean?

A

Before food

Pre-reg revision (14 decks)

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