MISC cards Flashcards
Emerson quote on meaning in life
“The purpose of life is not to be happy. It is to be useful, to be honorable, to be compassionate, to have it make some difference that you have lived and lived well.”
Convection
The transfer of heat from one place to another by the movement of fluids. Usually the dominant form of heat transfer in liquids and gases
Christina cell phone
1 (206) 349 4364
Radiation
Energy emitted by matter as electromagnetic waves.Thermal radiation propagates without the presence of matter through the vacuum of space.
Conduction
Heat transferred by adjacent atoms vibrating against one another, or as electrons move from one atom to another. The most significant means of heat transfer within a solid or between solid objects in thermal contact. Fluids—especially gases—are less conductive
Saturated fats
Found mostly in foods from animals (beef, veal, lamb, pork, lard, poultry fat, butter, cream, milk, cheeses and other dairy) and some plants (coconut, coconut oil, palm oil and palm kernel oil, and cocoa butter). All animal foods also contain dietary cholesterol..
Unsaturated fats
Found in many fish (salmon, trout, herring), nuts (walnuts), plants (avocados, olives), seeds and oils from plants (soybean, corn, safflower, canola, olive and sunflower).
Both POLYunsaturated and MONOunsaturated fats may help lower your blood cholesterol level when you use them in place of saturated and trans fats. Keep total fat intake between 25 and 35 percent of calories, with most fats coming from unsaturated fat foods.
Red wine temp
60 F
Trans-fatty acids and hydrogenated fats
During food processing, unsaturated fats may undergo a chemical process called HYDROGENATION (common in margarine and shortening). to form TRANS-FATTY ACIDS (TFA). These fats also raise blood cholesterol.
Keep trans fat intake to less than 1 percent of total calories. For example, if you need 2,000 calories a day, you should consume less than 2 grams of trans fat.
Rose, full white temp
50 F
Sparkling wine temp
43 F
comprised of
NO! Bad grammar! You mean “composed of”!
“8 slices compose the pie”
Glucose
Monosaccharide sugar found in plants. Aka dextrose. Absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion. Primary source of energy for the body’s cells. Key product of photosynthesis. Stored in mainly the liver and muscles as glycogen. Distributed and utilized in tissues as free glucose
Fructose
Monosaccharide sugar found in plants. Doesn’t trigger insulin production by the pancreas, but thought to contribute to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
Sucrose
Table sugar (disaccharide sugar derived from glucose and fructose). Split into fructose and glucose during digestion.
Lactose
Milk sugar (disaccharide sugar derived from glucose and galactose)
Temp change with elevation - Dry
5° F per 1,000 ft (more like 5.5)
Temp change with elevation - Wet (in a cloud or raining/snowing…100% humidity)
3° F per 1,000 ft
“Sun Sneezing”
Photic Sneeze Reflex
colloid
(pron: CALL-oid) a substance that consists of particles dispersed throughout another substance which are too small for resolution with an ordinary light microscope but are incapable of passing through a semipermeable membrane
Matrix of colloids (gas to solid; dispersed phase vs. dispersion medium)
GG: none (gases have no miscibility...i.e., do no mix) GL: liquid aerosol (fog, hairspray) GS: solid aerosols (smoke, ice cloud) LG: foams (whipped cream, shaving cream) LL: emulsions (milk, mayo, hand cream) LS: sols (paint, blood) SG: solid foams (styrofoam, pumice) SL: gels (jelly) SS: solid sols (pearls, cranberry glass)
Feet in a mile
5280
Aperture like f/1.4
Small f-stop (e.g. f/1.4) = bigger opening, smaller depth of field
Weeks per month
4 1/3
Aperture like f/16
Larger f-stop (e.g. f/16) = smaller opening, larger depth of field. Think: a photo of a fast object will rarely have a deep field.
Film speed
Relative amount of light necessary to give a proper exposure. Normal range: 100 to 400, Higher means less light needed, so higher f-stop and deeper photos, but more grain
“Normal” film speed
ISO 100, but I should probably default to 200 (allows for deeper focus field or faster shutter)
Fast film speed and implications for blur, f-stop and focus
ISO 400-800. More sensitive to light (so can take faster shutter speeds with smaller apertures [higher f-stop], or deeper focus field) but is lower quality (noise).
Bad light film speed and implications for blur, f-stop and focus
ISO 1600. Much more sensitive to light (so can take with smaller aperatures and faster shutter speeds and deeper focus field) but is lower quality (noise). This is why iPhone photos are so bad.
Chinese equivalent of Google
Baidu
Chinese equivalent of Facebook
RenRen (also Tencent QQ)
Chinese equivalent of Youtube
Youku
Chinese equivalent of Twitter
Weibo (refers to Sina Weibo), alos Tencent Weibo
Chinese equivalent of Amazon
Alibaba, but not in reality (different buisness models). Also, Yahoo owns 24% of Alibaba.
Dopamine
“Reward” neurotransmitter.
Highs of infatuation, new love, joy, self-confidence, motivation. Reward from successful “seeking”, rather than happiness or satisfaction from “liking” the consumption of something. Role in addiction / habit formation. Enhanced by methylphenidates. Too much can lead to schizophrenia. Also used by brain to send signals to muscles to make them move. Loss of dopamine production causes Parkinson’s.
“Reward” neurotransmitter
Dopamine.
Highs of infatuation, new love, joy, self-confidence, motivation. Reward from successful “seeking”, rather than happiness or satisfaction from “liking” the consumption of something. Role in addiction / habit formation. Enhanced by methylphenidates. Too much can lead to schizophrenia. Also used by brain to send signals to muscles to make them move. Loss of dopamine production causes Parkinson’s.
Serotonin
“Happiness hormone” or “Zen Master” neurotransmitter.
Contributes to feeling of well-being and happiness. Regulates mood, appetite and sleep. Functions with memory and learning. Also blood clotting.
Modulation of serotonin at synapses is thought to be a major action of several classes of pharmacological antidepressants.
Eating releases serotonin, leading to satisfaction, stopping production of dopamine, and decreasing appetite.
“Happiness hormone” or “Zen Master” neurotransmitter
Serotonin.
Contributes to feeling of well-being and happiness. Regulates mood, appetite and sleep. Functions with memory and learning. Also blood clotting.
Modulation of serotonin at synapses is thought to be a major action of several classes of pharmacological antidepressants.
Eating releases serotonin, leading to satisfaction, stopping production of dopamine, and decreasing appetite.
Oxytocin
PRON “oxy-TOE-sin”
“the bonding molecule”.
As a neurotransmitter, oxytocin encourages social bonding and maternal behavior.
Oxytocin more commonly functions as a hormone, in which it is most notably involved in uterine contractions during labor
Endorphin
“The pain-killing molecule”.
Beta-endorphin activates opioid receptors, resulting in significant pain relief and relaxation, particularly after physical trauma.
Opioid drugs, such as morphine, bind to the opioid receptors and produce similar effects to beta-endorphin
It is used as an analgesic in the body to numb or dull pains. That is the reason why humans start to feel better immediately after an acute physical trauma even though the symptoms are still present. The reason the pain dulls is because it binds to and activates opioid receptors. β-endorphin has approximately 80 times the analgesic potency of morphine.
β-endorphin is believed to have a number of other benefits, including:
-Slowing the growth of cancer cells [3]
-Promoting feeling of well-being
-Increasing relaxation
“The bonding molecule”
Oxytocin. (PRON “oxy-TOE-sin”)
As a neurotransmitter, oxytocin encourages social bonding and maternal behavior.
Oxytocin more commonly functions as a hormone, in which it is most notably involved in uterine contractions during labor
“The pain-killing molecule”
Endorphin.
Beta-endorphin activates opioid receptors, resulting in significant pain relief and relaxation, particularly after physical trauma.
Opioid drugs, such as morphine, bind to the opioid receptors and produce similar effects to beta-endorphin
It is used as an analgesic in the body to numb or dull pains. That is the reason why humans start to feel better immediately after an acute physical trauma even though the symptoms are still present. The reason the pain dulls is because it binds to and activates opioid receptors. β-endorphin has approximately 80 times the analgesic potency of morphine.
β-endorphin is believed to have a number of other benefits, including:
-Slowing the growth of cancer cells [3]
-Promoting feeling of well-being
-Increasing relaxation
GABA
“The Anti-anxiety molecule”.
short for gamma-Aminobutyric acid, regulates neuronal excitability, relieves anxiety and induces relaxation, and is also directly involved in the regulation of muscle tone.
GABA is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system.
“The Anti-anxiety molecule”
GABA.
short for gamma-Aminobutyric acid, regulates neuronal excitability, relieves anxiety and induces relaxation, and is also directly involved in the regulation of muscle tone.
GABA is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system.
Epinephrine
PRON “ep-a-NEF-rine”
aka Adrenaline, “the energy molecule”.
neurotransmitter released in short-term stress reaction. Increases heart rate, dilates pupils and leg blood vessels, weakens immune system. Dilation effect is useful in treating allergic reactions/asthma attacks.
Involved in the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and assists in the body’s fight-or-flight response; it works to regulate heart rate, blood pressure, air passage diameters, and metabolic shifts.
“the energy molecule”
Epinephrine, (PRON “ep-a-NEF-rine”)
aka Adrenaline.
neurotransmitter released in short-term stress reaction. Increases heart rate, dilates pupils and leg blood vessels, weakens immune system. Dilation effect is useful in treating allergic reactions/asthma attacks.
Involved in the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and assists in the body’s fight-or-flight response; it works to regulate heart rate, blood pressure, air passage diameters, and metabolic shifts.
Adrenaline
Common name for Epinephrine
Norephinephrine
PRON “nora-pa-NEF-rine”
“the fight or flight molecule”.
Invovled in the body’s fight-or-flight response and the activation of the sympathetic nervous system; it acts to increase heart rate and blood pressure, trigger the release of glucose, and increase blood flow to skeletal muscles.
“the fight or flight molecule”
Norephinephrine (PRON “nora-pa-NEF-rine”).
Involved in the body’s fight-or-flight response and the activation of the sympathetic nervous system; it acts to increase heart rate and blood pressure, trigger the release of glucose, and increase blood flow to skeletal muscles.
Endocannabinoids
(PRON “end-o-CAN-a-bin-oid”)
“The bliss molecule”
Self-produced cannabinoids; act as neuromodulators. Have a role in memory, appetite, metabolism, stress response. Believe to be responsible for “runner’s high”
“The bliss molecule”
Endocannabinoids (PRON “end-o-CAN-a-bin-oid”)
Self-produced cannabinoids; act as neuromodulators. Have a role in memory, appetite, metabolism, stress response. Believe to be responsible for “runner’s high”
Pancreas
An organ that makes hormones and enzymes to help digestion. The pancreas helps break down carbohydrates, fats and proteins. The pancreas is behind the stomach and is on the left side of the human body
Hippocampus
In the brain (one on each side). Important in spacial memeory and navigation; helps turn short-term memory into long-term memory. One of the first regions to get damaged in Alzheimer’s.
Thalamus
In brain, between cerebral cortex and mid-brain. Relays sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex, and regulates consciousness, sleep, and alertness.
Hypothalamus
Gland at the base of the brain. Connects endocrine system to nervous system, and thereby controls body temperature, hunger, thirst and circadian cycles. Regulates the pituitary gland.
Pituitary gland
At the base of brain. Gets orders from hypothalamus, produces hormones related to body temperature, hunger, thirst and circadian cycles
Glycerol
aka Glycerin. Simple sugar alcohol compound; colorless, odorless, viscous liquid. Used in foods for sweetness, moisture, and as a preservative, and in pharma to keep things smooth and moist.
Glycerin
aka Glycerol. Simple sugar alcohol compound; colorless, odorless, viscous liquid. Used in foods for sweetness, moisture, and as a preservative, and in pharma to keep things smooth and moist.
Glycogen
a substance deposited in bodily tissues as a store of carbohydrates. It is a polysaccharide that forms glucose on hydrolysis, and represents the main storage form of glucose in the body. Made and stored in cells of the liver and muscles. Functions as the secondary long-term energy storage (after fats held in adipose tissue). Analogue to starch in plants
Acetaminophen
E.G. Tylenol. For fever, headache, pain. No effect on inflammation. Side effects: nausea
Tylenol
Acetaminophen. For fever, headache, pain. No effect on inflammation. Side effects: nausea
Ibuprofen
E.G. Advil. NSAID for fever, headache, pain, inflammation. Side effects: rash, heartburn, nausea.
Advil
Ibuprofen. NSAID for fever, headache, pain, inflammation. Side effects: rash, heartburn, nausea.
“She lays down her pen and stands up”
RIGHT
“She lies down her pen and stands up”
WRONG
“He laid the newspaper on the table”
RIGHT
“He lay the newspaper on the table”
WRONG
To Lay
Transitive verb. Laid, laid, Laying
To Lie
Intransitive verb. Lay, lain, lying.
“She often lies down after lunch”
RIGHT
“She often lays down after lunch”
WRONG
“When I lay down, I fell asleep”
RIGHT
“When I laid down, I fell asleep”
WRONG
“I was lying in bed when he called.”
RIGHT
“I was laying in bed when he called.”
WRONG
Insulin
A hormone made by the pancreas that controls the glucose level in the blood by promoting its absorption from the blood cells into fat, liver and muscle cells. High levels of insulin inhibit glucose production (and excretion into the blood) by the liver.
Toward/towards afterward/afterwards forward/forwards
In North America: no “s”. Elsewhere, include the “s”
Lighter white wine temp
45 F
composed of
GOOD! “The pie is composed of 8 slices”!
NOT “The pie is COMPRISED OF 8 slices”! NO NO NO!!!
