Misc Flashcards
What does digoxin do?
Increase contractility and Lower HR
So for CHF, Afib and Aflutter
Its a cardiac glycoside
What does Ivabradine do?
Lowers HR by inhibiting Funny channel thus slowing pacemaker potential
Used in stable angina when B blockers and CCBs are contraindicated
What does Nicorandil do?
Causes Vasodilation
Used in angina
What does Sacubritril do?
Inhibits neprilysin thus increasing action of ANP/BNP to lower Blood Volume
Used in Heart Failure
What is sodium nitroprusside used for?
Aortic Dissection
Malignant Hypertension (not accelerated)
Heart Failure
Name a Thiazide Type Diuretic and its side effects?
Indapamide Dizziness/Lightheadedness Weakness Stomach upset Headache Blurred Vision Loss of apetite
What is isoprenaline?
A B1 agonist used to treat sinus bradycardia acutely
What is Atropine?
A an anti-muscarinic used to treat bradycardia, Mobitz1 and 3rd degree AV block
Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin:
- B-Lactam
- Pneumonia, URTIs & empirical IE
- Effective: Strep, Haemophilus, enterococci & Moraxella
- Resistant: Klebsiella & Pseudomonas
Clarithromycin?
Clarithromycin:
- Macrolide
- Pneumonia & Resp. infections
- Effective: Staph, Strep, Haemophilus, Mycoplasma, Legionella, Bordetella Pertussis
Azithromycin?
Azithromycin:
- Macrolide
- Suppressing Bacterial Load in CF & Treating resp. infections as an alt. to 1st line treatment
Gentamicin/
Gentamicin:
- Aminoglycoside
- Empirical IE & Some RTI
- Klebsiella, Pseudomonas & Staph
Levofloxacin
Levofloxaicn:
- Fluroquinalone
- Alt. to Amoxicillin in penicillin allergic patients
- Most Gram -ve and Gram +ve (Strep, Staph, Pseduomonas, Haemoph, Legionellla, Mycoplasma, Enterococci)
Vancomycin
Vancomycin:
- Glycopeptide
- When there are gram +ves ressistant to penicillins
- Or when someone is severely allergic to penicillin (e.g. in endocarditis)
Flucloxacillin
Flucloxacillin:
- B-Lactam (but uniquely effective against B-Lactamase producing Gram +ves e.g. Staph Aureus)
- Used in IE, Septicaemia, RTI & Pneumonia when Staph Aureus is suspected but not MRSA.
Rifampicin
Rifampicin:
- An Ansamycin (Rifamycin sub-class)
- Used for TB, Leprosy pneumonia and prosthetic valve IE
- Added to pneumonia in specialised ITU care for mycoplasma infections
Ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin:
- Fluroquinolone
- Treats gram -ve bacteria e.g. Pseudomonas
- Important for IE, pneumonia, RTI etc
- Used for pseudomonas pneumonia
Doxycycline:
Doxycycline:
- Tetracycline
- Can be used in severe pneumonia in penicillin or macrolide allergics
- Also for other resp infections, some otherwise resistant gram +ves e.g. MRSA and in Syphilis if penicillin contraindicated
Ceftriaxone
Ceftriaxone:
- 3rd Gen Cephalosporin
- IE
- Useful in severe resp infections or those resistant to macrolides and penicillins such as B-lactamase producing haemophilus.
- Useless against pseudomonas
