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Biology 102 > misc > Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

classification level

A

Taxon

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2
Q

father of Taxonomy

A

Carolus Linnaeus

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3
Q

classification hierarchy

A 
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
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4
Q

3 Domains

A

Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya (4 kingdoms)

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5
Q

lack nucleus

A

Prokaryotes

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6
Q

extremophiles (harsh enviorments)

A

Archaea

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7
Q

normally grow in hot, acidic enviorment

*archaea

A

Thermoacidophiles

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8
Q

require high concentration of salt to survive

*archaea

A

Halophiles

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9
Q

Anaerobes that produce methane

*archaea

A

Methanogens

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10
Q

4 Kingdoms

A

Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
Protista

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11
Q

Unicellular Eukaryotes and algae
Nucleated
gain nutrients through intra & extracellular digestion or photosynthesis

A

Kingdom Protista

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12
Q

Multicellular, Eukaryotic, and non-photosynthesizing plants
*Mold, Yeast, Mushrooms, and other Fungi
digestion of dead, organic material

A

Kingdom Fungi

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13
Q

Multicellular, Eukaryotic autotrophs

Multicellular plants that gain nutrients through photosynthesis

A

Kingdom Plantae

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14
Q

Multicellular, Eukaryotic heterotrophs

Gain nutriends by comsuming plants and animals

A

Kingdom Animalia

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15
Q

scientific study of diversity of organism that their evolutionary relationships

A

Systematics

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16
Q

Ancestral history (Phylogenetic tree)

A

Phylogeny

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17
Q

Analyzing primitive and derived characters “cladograms”

A

Cladistics

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18
Q

diagram showing relationship among species based on shared characters

A

Cladogram

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19
Q

have trait

A

in groups

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20
Q

missing trait

A

out groups

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21
Q

Obligate intracellular parasites

A

Virus

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22
Q

Virus structure

A 
Nucleic Core (DNA or RNA)
Protein capsid - Capsomere units
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23
Q

dormant cycle of virus

A

Lytic cycle

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24
Q

Virus attacking bacteria

A

Bacteriophage

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25
Q

RNA - dependent DNA- polymerase

A

Retrovirus

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26
Q

Common Cold

A

Rhinovirus

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27
Q

Flu

A

Orthomyxovirus

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28
Q

Rabies

A

Rhabdovirus

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29
Q

Hemorrhagic fever

A

Ebola

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30
Q

Naked strand of RNA (no capsid) that causes plant diseases

A

Viroid

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31
Q

proteinaceious infectious particles

causes enzyme to change brain

A

Prion

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32
Q

Volvox, Spirogyra, Ulva

A

Green Algae

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33
Q 
Green Algae composed of loose association of indp cells. 
Hallow sphere (green bowling ball)
A

volvox

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34
Q

Green Algae w chlorophyll arranged as spiraling ribbon, zygote withstands winter; undergo meiosis in spring

A

Spirogyra

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35
Q
  • Sea Lettuce

Blade from green algae, all spores are flagellated

A

Ulva

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36
Q

multicellular marine algae w branched, feathery/ribbon line appearance

A

Red Algae

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37
Q

Protist w fine hairs on flagella

A

Stamenopila

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38
Q

Brown Algae

A

Phylum Phaeophyt

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39
Q

Diatoms

A

Phylum Chrysophyta

40
Q

Water Mold

A

Phylum Oocmycota

41
Q

study of algae

A

Phycology

42
Q

Kelp and sargassum

A

Brown Algae

43
Q

Silicon (Glass like shell)

*phytoplankton is most abundant

A

Diatoms

44
Q

live in water, fuzzy growths or parasitize fish

A

Water Mold

45
Q

Potato Famine

A

Phytophthora infestans

46
Q

sea food poisoning

A

Ganyaulax (red tide)

47
Q

bounded by protective cellulose plates
2 flagella
source of phytoplankton

A

Dinoflagellates

48
Q

nonmotile parasitic sporeforming protozoa

A

Apicomplexans

49
Q

causitive agent of malaria

transmitted by anopheles mosquito

A

Plasmodium

50
Q

numerous short hair like filaments covering the cell
coordinated by membrane movement
oral groove for food
Trichocysts

A

Ciliates

51
Q

Flagellated freshwater unicellular organisms

light sensing stigma

A

Euglenids

52
Q

single celled protozoans w 4 flagella and an undulating membrane

A

Parabasalids

53
Q

singlecelled protozaoans w 2 nucli and 2 sets a flagella

beaver fever

A

Diplomonads

54
Q

kinetoplast - large masses of DNA found in single mitochondria

A

Kinetoplastids

55
Q

African Sleeping Sickness

transmitted by tseste fly

A

Trypanosoma

56
Q

Amoebas move by cytoplasmic structures called pseudopods

A

Ameboids

57
Q

Parasites of humans - cause amoebic dysentery

A

Entamoeba

58
Q

Multinucleated blob of cytoplasm

terrestrial decomposer

A

plasmodial slime mold

59
Q

aggregated amoeba like cell

live in soil and feed on bacteria and yeast

A

cellular slime mold

60
Q

move by cytoplasmic streaming long structures called axopods

all are marine plankton

A

radiolarians

61
Q

forams move by cytoplasmic streming
live in a test made of calcium carbonate
form white cliffs of dover, England

A

Foraminifera

62
Q

prokaryotic cell membrane

A

Phospholipid bilayer

63
Q

bacteria outer covering

gram -

A

lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (lipid + cellulose)

64
Q

cell wall composed of protein

gram +

A

Peptidoglycan (protein + carb)

65
Q

Sphere shape bacteria

A

Coccus

66
Q

Pair of cocci

A

Diplococcus

67
Q

Group of 4 cocci

A

Tetrad

68
Q

Cluster of cocci

A

Staphylococccus (staph infection)

69
Q

Chain of Cocci

A

Streptococcus (Strep)

70
Q

Rod shaped Bacili

A

Bacillus

71
Q

Fixed Spiral Bacteria

A

Spirillum

72
Q

Flexible (tighter) corkscrew shape

A

Spirochete

73
Q

Mucous like covering

aka Glycocalyx

A

Capusle

74
Q

Filaments for movement

A

Flagella

75
Q

for attachment and reproduction

A

Pili filaments

76
Q

Cell hibernation

A

Endospore

77
Q

Asexual bacterial reproduction

A

binary fission

78
Q

Blue-green algae

1st photosynthesizing bacteria

A

Cyanobacteria

79
Q

nitrogen fixing bacteria

A

Rhizobium

80
Q

cheese bacteria

A

Lactobacilus

81
Q

caused by spirochete treponema pallidum

A

Syphilis

82
Q

disease caused by spirillum bacteria
*Borrelia Burgdorferi
deer tick
bull rash

A

Lyme Disease

83
Q

Carries disease - doesnt cause

A

vector

84
Q

filaments that grow from spores and form myoceliem (grow in fairy ring)

A

Haploid hyphae filaments

85
Q

flagellated spores

chitrids w flagellated zoospores

A

phylum chitridiomcota

86
Q

Bread mold (rhizopus)

A

Phylum Zygomycota

87
Q

Mycorrhiza (asexual plant symbionts)
fungi on tree root
*AM fungus - arbuscular

A

Phylum Glomeromycota

88
Q

Sac Fungi

A

Phylum Ascomycota

89
Q

Club Fungi

mushroom, shelf fungi, puffballs

A

Phylum Basidiomycota

90
Q

parasidic yeast

A

Candida

91
Q

Toenail Fungus

A

Trichophyton

92
Q

Athelets foot

A

Trichophyon rubrum

93
Q

poisonous mushroom

A

amanita

94
Q

hallucinogenic mushroom

A

psilocybes

95
Q

lichen - fungi

fingi receives sugar from algae - algae receives water and nutients

A

mutualistic relationship

Biology 102 (2 decks)

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