Misc Flashcards
What do you give a schizo pt with drud-induced Parkinsons?
antimuscarinic (NOT positive symptom-producing DA)
Which drug is most likely to cause agranulocytosis?
Clozapine
Which BDZ is eliminated by glucuronidation metabolic pathways and what’s the relevance of this?
Oxazepam
metabolism is affected least by aging or liver disease
Less accumulation in plasma and tissues and their potential for adverse reactions is less
Which of these side effects can be seen with BDZ?
Development of physical dependence Development of psychologic dependence Ataxia and risk of falls in the elderly Retrograde amnesia Excessive daytime drowsiness Impaired judgment Exacerbation of porphyria
All except retrograde amnesia, and exacerbation of porphyria
Cocaine
A drug of abuse that blocks the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine into presynaptic catecholamine neurons and also blocks sodium channels in neuronal membranes
Which of the following drugs is most likely to produce memory disturbances such as anterograde amnesia? Diazepam Escitalopram Amitriptyline Methylphenidate Phenelzine
Diazepam
BDZ
Which of the following insomnia drugs would be LEAST likely to have this “hangover effect”? Alprazolam Eszoplicone Temazepam Triazolam
Triazolam
Which of the following agents utilized in the treatment of insomnia are most likely to cause anticholinergic side effects? Diphenhydramine Trazodone Triazolam Zolpidem Ramelteon Doxylamine
Diphenhydramine
Doxylamine
Patients should be carefully monitored for gingival hyperplasia if they are taking
Phenytoin
Of the currently available anticonvulsant agents listed below, which is the preferred agent for the initial treatment of status epilepticus or local anesthetic-induced seizures? Carbamazepine Diazepam Ethosuximide Phenobarbital Phenytoin Valproic acid Midazolam
Diazepam
Midalozam
Cortical layers
4= inbox. Layer 4 is also called the Granular Layer. It is the primary relay for sensory input from the thalamus.
5=outbox. Both layers 5 and 6 are strictly MOTOR AND AGRANULAR! No sensory input.
Feed-forward processing
Feed forward processing originates in deep pyramidal layers 5 and 6. Feed forward outflow is considered ‘top down’ processing.
lesions to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex
result in the inability to anticipate risk, while the ability to experience feelings of anxiety (as a result of risky behavior) is preserved.
Abulia
Anterior cingulate gyrus = association center involved in selecting one input over another when two inputs are in conflict. Involved in word associations, extensive relationships with autonomic structures (reciprocal relationships). ACG lesions result in abulia (lack of will). Patients may be completely akinetic or even mute.
four most common locations for spontaneous hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage
Putamen,(caudate, lenticular), internal capsule, thalamus, pons, cerebellum
