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Neuro Pt 3 > Misc. > Flashcards

Misc. Flashcards

1
Q

What is and isn’t a part of the lentiform nucleus?

A

Putamen and globus pallets ARE

Caudate is NOT

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2
Q

Which trigeminal nucleus is analogous to the ventral horn of the spinal cord?

A

trigeminal motor nucleus

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3
Q

Which trigeminal nucleus is analogous to the dorsal column nuclei of the spinal somatosensory system?

A

principal sensory nucleus

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4
Q

Which trigeminal nucleus is the site of termination of C and A-delta fibers that descend caudally after entering the brainstem and form the descending root of the trigeminal nerve?

A

spinal trigeminal nucleus

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5
Q

Which trigeminal nucleus is derived from neural crest cells and innervates proprioceptors on the gums and jaw?

A

mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus

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6
Q

Brachiomotor nuclei

A

innervate striate muscles derived from brachial mesenchyme (neural crest).

Nucleus Ambiguus, Facial nerve (CN7) and TG motor nucleus (CN5)

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7
Q

Middle cerebellar peduncle

A

Information from the cerebral cortex through the pons to the cerebellum

Pons to cerebellum

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8
Q

Inferior cerebellar peduncle

A

Information from the spinal cord to the cerebellum, interconnecting the cerebellum with the vestibular nucleus and inferior olive

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9
Q

The crus cerebri (cerebral peduncle) marks the exit point for which cranial nerve?

A

Oculomotor

ventral border of the midbrain

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10
Q

Inferior cerebellar peduncle

A

conveys spinal cord information to the cerebellum and interconnects the cerebellum with the vestibular nuc. and inferior olive

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11
Q

Middle cerebellar peduncle

A

the route by which information from the cerebral cortex gets to the cerebellum via the pontine nuclei

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12
Q

Superior cerebellar peduncle

A

route by which the cerebellum gets information back to the cerebral cortex (via the thalamus)

Axons originate in dentate nucleus and end in contralateral VA/VL

Also axons originating in interposed nucleus and ending at red nucleus

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13
Q

Pyramidal tract lesion symptoms

A

spastic paralysis

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14
Q

Spinothalamic tract lesion symptoms

A

loss of pain and temperature

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15
Q

Dorsal column-medial lemniscus lesion symptoms

A

loss of 2-pt. discrimination, fine touch, and conscious proprioception

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16
Q

spinal trigeminal tract & nucleus

A

Loss of pain and temp for the head

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17
Q

Combined deficit of the pyramidal tract and medial lemniscus likely indicates a lesion where?

A

Medulla

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18
Q

A combined spinothalamic and medial lemniscus type deficit likely indicate a lesion where?

A

Midbrain

19
Q

AS BM

A

Alar plate= sensory (lateral)

Basal plate= motor (medial)

20
Q

Branchiomotor nuclei

A

Innervate striate muscles derived from the branchial mesenchyme (of neural crest origin)

trigeminal motor nucleus, the facial (motor) nucleus and the nuc. ambiguus

21
Q

Where does the corticospinal tract decussate?

A

Base of medulla

22
Q

Where does the DCML decussate?

A

mid-medulla

23
Q

Where does the AL or spinothalamic tract decussate?

A

spinal cord

24
Q

Gag reflex

A 
Afferent= IX sensory fibers
Efferent= X nucleus ambiguous
25
Q

Jaw jerk reflex

A 
Afferent = mesencephalic nucleus of V (stretch receptors in masseter) 
Efferent = main motor nucleus of V
26
Q

Corneal blink reflex

A

Cornea is touched by a foreign object, both eyes blink
Afferent = spinal nucleus of V
Efferent = motor nucleus of VII

27
Q

Pupillary light reflex

A 
Afferent= CN II
Efferent= EW nucleus (III)
28
Q

Facial nerve lesions (UMN signs vs LMN signs)

A

UMN= top of face is innervated by both sides, so you will only see a deficit on the contralateral lower part of face

LMN= By this pt, no dual innervation, so have entire contralateral hemiparalysis of face

29
Q

Lateral lemniscus

A

Carries bilateral auditory info

30
Q

Pontine nuclei- where do the axons terminate?

A

Contralateral cerebellum

Involved in motor coordination

31
Q

Cerebral peduncle- origin and termination

A

Origin: various areas of the cortex (including motor cortex)

Termination: Contralateral spinal cord, pontine nuclei, montor nuclei in brainstem

32
Q

A lesion in the left MLF will cause what?

A

When moving eyes towards rt, left eye fails to move medially

Left eye will move medially during convergence

33
Q

Medial geniculate nucleus- where do axons originate and what info?

A

Axons originate in inferior colliculus

Bilateral auditory info

34
Q

Red nucleus- where axons originate?

A

Axons originate in contralateral cerebellum

35
Q

Deep cerebellar nuclei- what kind of input do they receive

A

Inhibitory input from purkinje cells

Excitatory input from pons and spinal cord

36
Q

Dentate nucleus input and output

A

Input from cerebellar cortex

Project via superior cerebellar peduncle to cerebellar target nuclei

Projects mostly VA/VL nucleus in thalamus

37
Q

Inferior olivary nucleus input and output

A

Project via the contralateral inferior cerebellar peduncle to cerebellar cortex where they end as climbing fibers

38
Q

Where are ITDs, ILDs, spectral cues, and contralateral sound sources encoded?

A

ITDs : medial superior olive
ILDs: lateral superior olive
spectral cues: dorsal cochlear nucleus
contralateral sound sources: inferior colliculus.

39
Q

A unilateral lesion confined to the right superior olive

A

Will affect sound localization

40
Q

If you had your forearm flexed (bent at the elbow joint) with half-maximal tension in your biceps muscle (an arm flexor) and someone unexpectedly pulled your hand and caused a rapid, passive extension of your forearm

A

During the extension, alpha motor neurons to the biceps muscle would receive increased
excitatory synaptic input as a result of increased biceps Ia afferent activity

41
Q

supplementary motor area (SMA)

A

Electrical stimulation in conscious animals causes complex movements often involving several joints.

“Thinking” about performing a movement (for example, mental rehearsal of a task) will cause increased activity within this area in humans (as indicated by blood flow
measurements).

Some neurons located there send axons directly into the corticospinal tract.

42
Q

What projects to the globus pallidus without synapsing somewhere else first?

A

Putamen, Subthalamic nucleus, Caudate

43
Q

What don’t complex cells in the primary visual cortex care about?

A

position

44
Q

Hemiballismus

A

lesion in subthalamic nucleus

Loss of excitatory input to the medial (internal) pallidal segment

Neuro Pt 3 (22 decks)

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