Drugs

Question 1

Carbidopa

Answer 1

Dopamine Decarboxylase inhibitor
Blocks decarboxylase in the intestine and peripheral
organs
Doesn't cross BBB
Reduces amt of L-DOPA needed
Drug for Parkinson's

Question 2

Levodopa/Carbidopa

Answer 2

Combo often given
Dopamine Precursor/DDC inhibitor
Drug for Parkinson’s

Question 3

Pramipexole

Answer 3

Dopamine Receptor Agonist (D2 and D3)
Drug for Parkinson’s
Usually not a replacement for L-DOPA/Carbidopa

Question 4

Ropinirole

Answer 4

Dopamine Receptor Agonist (D2)
Drug for Parkinson’s
Usually not a replacement for L-DOPA/Carbidopa

Question 5

Amantadine

Answer 5

Dopamine Releaser-NMDA block
Facilitate the release of endogenous dopamine
Drug for Parkinson’s

Question 6

Kinds of drugs used to treat Parkinson’s

Answer 6

Dopamine Precursors / DDC inhibitors
Dopamine Receptor Agonists
Dopamine Releaser-NMDA block
Anticholinergic Drugs
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (prevent DA breakdown)
Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors (prevent DA breakdown)

Question 7

Drugs used in the treatment of glaucoma

Answer 7

Prostaglandin analogs, Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists, Beta-adrenergic antagonists, Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, Cholinergic Receptor Agonists

Question 8

Drugs for Tourette’s syndrome

Answer 8

tetrabenazine, neuroleptics-aka dopamine receptor antagonis

Question 9

Drugs for essential tremor

Answer 9

primidone, propranolol

Question 10

Drugs for Huntington’s

Answer 10

tetrabenazine, neuroleptics-aka dopamine receptor antagonist (haloperidol)

Question 11

Prostaglandin analogs

Answer 11

Treatment of Glaucoma

Increase outflow of aqueous humor (Decr IOP)

First line medical therapy as part of stepped approach

Question 12

Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists

Answer 12

Treatment of Glaucoma

Can be used as add-on second- or third-line therapy

Increases uveoscleral outflow of aqueous humor and inhibits the formation of aqueous humor

Question 13

Beta-adrenergic antagonists

Answer 13

Treatment of Glaucoma

Next most common medical treatment after prostaglandin analogs

Reduce production of aqueous humor (decreased aqueous secretion from ciliary epithelium)

Question 14

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Answer 14

Treatment of Glaucoma

Can be used as add-on second- or third-line therapy.

Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the ciliary body epithelium reduces formation of bicarbonate ions which reduces fluid transport and IOP

Question 15

Cholinergic Receptor Agonists

Answer 15

Treatment of Glaucoma

Historically important in glaucoma treatment but less commonly used today

Lower IOP by causing muscarinic receptor-induced contraction of ciliary muscle which facilitates aqueous outflow