Misc Flashcards
Inducers
Phenobarbital Phenytoin Carbamazepine Rifampin Ethanol St. Johns Wort Tobacco smoke
Inhibitors
Cimetidine Erythromycin/Clarithromycin Azole antifungals Fluoxetine Grapefruit juice HIV protease inhibitors Omeprazole
Volume of distribution
Vd = Ab/ Cp0
Ab = drug aministered Cp0 = concentration in body (extrapolate beta)
Loading dose
LD = Cp(desired) x Vd
Dose on concentration
Cp=D/Vd
Clearance
CL=Vd x Ke
Kidney Clearance
MD/t = Cpss x CL
Degree of fluctuation
Ln(C1/C2) = -Ke * t
Therpeutic index
LD50/ED50
Standard safety margin
(LD1/ED99 - 1) x 100
Therpeutic window
LD1-ED99
Mean corpuscular volume
MCV=HCT/RBC
Mean cell hemoglobin
MCH=Hgb/RBC
Mean cell hemoglobin concentration
MCHC=HGB/HCT=MCH/MCV
IgG
Divalent. Main blood and tissue Ab. Neutralize toxin. Bind bact and activate complement or bound by phages. Can be passed to fetus from mother.
IgA
Tetravalent. Secreted from the body in fluid like tears. Made with a J chain to join 2 Abs. When passed across an epithelia a SC chain is added to resist digestion.
IgM
Decavalent. 5 Abs bound in a complex with a J chain. First Ab to appear in serum after immunization. Very very effective at activating complement but not bound by phages. Also made by fetus.
IgD
Divalent. Only important function is being bound by B cell
IgE
Divalent. Fc bound by mast cells and basophils to induce granule secretions (histamine and eosinophilic chemotactic factor). Part of hypersensitivity (allergic rxns). Intrinsically important for resisting parasites.
Classical Complement pathway
Activated by IgG or IgM. 2 Fc portions interact with C1q to initiate. 142356789.
Alternative Complement pathway
Activated by IgA or cell wall structures of bacteria (Can be Ab independent ie innate). 356789
Lectin Pathway
Initiated by Mannose binding protein (MBP or MBL) which binds (mostly) foreign carbohydrates and acts like C1q in classical pathway.MBP-42356789. Some caucasians have alleles that result in low levels of MBP, 8% with very low levels.
