Misc. Flashcards
Which life stage of the pork tapeworm specifically presents a dangerous health hazard to humans?
Cysts
Platyhelminthes and cnidaria have the same number of germ layers in early development
False
How do turbellaria feed?
Extend pharynx, excrete digestive enzymes, suck up remains
Which grade of organization are the first animals found in?
Cellular grade
How do single-celled eukaryotes resperate?
Passive diffusion: Passive gas transfer across cell membrane
Do insects carry oxygen in their blood?
No
Do Asteroidea have brains?
No. But has central nervous system
Which class of enchinodermata is a top predator?
Asteroidea (sea stars)
How do holothurians feed?
Sea cucumbers are suspension/deposit feeders
Which class of enchinodermata can cause a barren of not controlled?
Echinodis (sea urchins)
What are the 5 key characteristics of chordates?
Dorsal nerve cord, notocord, endostyle/thyroid gland, pharyhneal pouches, postanal tail
What structure do all vertebrates have for excretion?
Kidneys
How many chambers do vertebrate hearts have?
Three
What do all vertebrate red blood cells contain?
Hemoglobin
Which direction does water flow over fish gills relative to blood flow?
Water flow is opposite to blood flow
In order to osmoregulate, freshwater fish must . . .
Pump out excess water via kidneys, have salt-absorbing cells that move salt ions from water into blood
In order to osmoregulate, marine fish must . . .
Have salt-secreting cells in gills, salt ions not absorb from waste, kidneys do not absorb salts
In freshwater fish . . .
Water is hypotonic (less salty) than fish blood
In marine fish . . .
Blood is hypotonic (less salty) than seawater
T. brucei gambiense causes
African Sleeping sickness
T. cruzi causes
Chaga’s Disease
The insect vector for African sleeping sickness are
Tsetse flies
The insect vector for Chaga’s disease is
Kissing bug
African sleeping sickness is passed through
Bug bites
Chaga’s disease is passed through
Bug feces
Where do T. bruci gambiense replicate in humans?
Blood
Where does T. cruzi replicate in humans?
Cells/Tissue
What are the three distinguishing characteristics of Phylum Ciliphora
Cilia, nuclear dualism, conjugation
What kind of feeding do porifera preform?
Saprozoic
Do porifera have true tissue?
No
Are sponges monecious or dioecious?
Monecious
Do sponges have a ciliated larvae stage?
Yes, parenchymula
Do cnidaria have true tissue?
Yes!
How many tissue layers do cnidaria have?
2
How many tissue layers do poifera have?
2
Do cnidiaria have mesoderm?
No! They are dipbloplasts!
Why phylum as a diffuse nerve net?
Cnidaria
What kind of gastrovascular cavity do cnidaria have?
Blind/incomplete gut
Do all cnidaria have cnidocytes?
Yes
Do all cnidaria have a medusa form?
No
What are the two forces that contribute to cnidocytes firing?
Tension and osmotic pressure
What kind of epidermis do most free-living platyhelminths have?
Cilited cellular
What is a major difference between Trematodes and Cestodes?
Trematodes have a gut, cestodes do not have a gut
What phylum are eucoelomates?
Annelids
Metamerism
The independent movement and function of body segments
Which phylums do metamerism occur?
Annelids and arthropods
Do earthworms have direct or indirect development?
Direct development
The flame cell is part of which phylum and system?
Plathyhelmths excretory system
Do freshwater flatworms have direct or indirect development?
Direct development
Which organisms have ciliated trochophore larvae?
Maine annelids, bivalves, marine gastopods
