Misc Flashcards

1
Q

What are Nasal Polyps

A

Slow growths of nasal mucousa that occurs in nasal cavity / sinuses

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2
Q

What are nasal polyps associated with (3)

A

Chronic Rhinitiss

Asthma

Samters triad (asthma, aspirin allergy, and nasal polyps)

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3
Q

How do nasal polyps grow (sides)

What is a red flag in terms of growth?

A

Bilateral

Unilateral => red flag cancer

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4
Q

What are the 2 tx for nasal polyps

A

Intranasal steroids

Intranasal polypectomy

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5
Q

What is a peripheral cause of vertigo that leads to vertigo attacks due to problems in the inner ear? (disease)

A

BPPV

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6
Q

In BPPV, what detaches and find themselves in semi-circular canals?

A

Calcium Carbonate Crystals

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7
Q

Calcium Carbonate Crystals are otherwise known as what

A

Otoconia

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8
Q

When Calcium Carbonate Crystals land in semi-circular canals, what confusion does that lead to?

A

Vestibular system gets confused when head is moving as sensory input doesnt match vestibular input

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9
Q

how are Calcium Carbonate Crystals displaced => Semi-circular canals (3)

A

Trauma

Virus ==> vestibular neuritis

Age

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10
Q

What manoeuvre is used in BPPV

A

Epley Manoeuvre

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11
Q

What is the name of the disease that is caused by sensorineural hearing loss due to age

A

Presbycusis

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12
Q

Presbycusis pathology

A

Loss of hair cells +- neurons in cochlea

==> reducing endolymphatic potential
==> Sensorineural hearing loss

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13
Q

In terms of presentation of Presbycusis, what is lost initially

A

Loss of high pitch

Gradually loses low pitch sounds

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14
Q

What is the 2 main tx for Presbycusis

A

hearing aids

Cochlear implants

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15
Q

The remodelling of the middle ear bones leading to conductive hearing loss is called

A

Otosclerosis

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16
Q

In terms of genetics, Otosclerosis is typically what

A

Autosomal Dominant Condition

17
Q

What pitches of noise does Otosclerosis affect

A

Low hearing pitch

18
Q

Whate 3 tests can be used in Otosclerosis

A

Rinne’s test (+ for conductive)

Audiometry

Tympanometry

19
Q

What is the 2 treatments for Otosclerosis

A

Sx => Stapedectomy

Hearing aids

20
Q

what antibody is present in Sjogren’s syndrome

A

Anti-Ro