Infections Flashcards
Inflammation of the inner ear including the semi-circular canals, vestibulae + cochlea?
Labryinthitis
What is the general cause of Labryinthitis
Viral URTI
What is the general presentation of Labryinthitis
Acute Onset Vertigo
==> Hearing Loss + Tinnitus
Labryinthitis vs Neuronitis in terms of symptoms
Neuronitis doesnt present with hearing loss + tinnitus like Labryinthitis does
What test can be done in Labryinthitis px
Head impulse test
What are the 2 drugs given for Labryinthitis
Prochlorperazine
Antihistamines
Inflammation of the vestibular nerve leading to a sense of movement of head (leading to vertigo) when there isnt any?
Vestibular Neuronitis
The otolith organs consist of what (2)
What do they detect (2)
Utricle + Saccule
Gravity + linear Acceleration
What part of the vestibular system deals with rotation of the head
Semicircular Canals
Is there hearing loss in Vestibular Neuronitis
No
Unlike Labryinthitis
Investigationfor Vestibular neuronitis
Head impulse test
What is the management of Vestibular neuronitis
Prochlorperazine
Antihistamines
What is the main complication of Vestibular neuronitis
BPPV
Quinsy is defined as what
Peritonsillar abscess where bacteria trapped have formed an abscess that arises from complication of tonsilitis
What are 3 presentations characteristics of Quinsy
Tonsilitis symptoms
Trismus (pain opening)
Hot potato Voice (pharyngeal swallowing)
What is the most common cause of Quinsy
Streptococcus pyogenes
What is the treatment for quinsy (2)
Incision + drainage
AB
What is the most common cause of tonsilitis
Viral infection
If tonsilitis is caused by bacteria, what is the typical pathogen
Streptococcus Pyogenes
What are 4 typical symptoms of tonsilitis
Pain on swallowing
Fever >38*
Anterior cervical lymphadenopathy
Excudates present / not (white patches)
What criteria is used in tonsilitis
What does it help diagnose
CENTOR
Bacteria OR viral cause
What is the main AB given in bacterial tonsilitis
PenV
What are 3 complications that arise from tonsilitis
Quinsy
Otitis Media
Scarlet Fever (Strep infection => toxins = red bumps)
In sinusitis, what is blocked leading to inflammation of the paranasal sinuses
Ostia
What is the function of the sinuses
Produces mucous that drain into nasal cavities via ostia
What are 3 causes of sinusitis
Infection post Viral URTI
Ax
Obstruction => Polyps / trauma
What are 3 typical symptoms of sinusitis
Nasal congestion
Facial pain
Loss of smell
What is the typical management of sinusitis px
Steroid nasal spray
if a px can taste the steroid spray, what is done?
Technique is bad as its too far back (hitting tongue)
Educate px
