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Information Systems > MIS Chapter 6 > Flashcards

MIS Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Association Detection

A

Reveals the relationship between variables along with the nature and frequency of the relationships.

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2
Q

Attribute

A

The data elements associated with an entity.

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3
Q

Business-Critical Integrity Constraint

A

Enforces business rules vital to an organization’s success and often requires more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints.

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4
Q

Business Rule

A

Defines how a company performs a certain aspect of its business and typically results in either a yes/no or true/false answer.

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5
Q

Business Intelligence Dashboard

A

Track corporate metrics such as critical success factors and key performance indicators and include advanced capabilities such as interactive controls, allowing users to manipulate data for analysis.

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6
Q

Cluster Analysis

A

A technique used to divide information sets into mutually exclusive groups such that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one another and the different groups are as far apart as possible.

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7
Q

Content Creator

A

The person responsible for creating the original website content.

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8
Q

Content Editor

A

The person responsible for updating and maintaining website content.

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9
Q

Data Dictionary

A

Compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model.

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10
Q

Data Element (or Data Field)

A

The smallest or basic unit of information.

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11
Q

Data Governance

A

Refers to the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of company data.

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12
Q

Data Mart

A

Contains a subset of data warehouse information.

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13
Q

Data Mining

A

The process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone.

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14
Q

Data Model

A

Logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements using graphics or pictures.

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15
Q

Data Quality Audit

A

Determines the accuracy and completeness of its data.

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16
Q

Data Visualization

A

Describes technologies that allow users to “see” or visualize data to transform information into a business perspective.

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17
Q

Data Visualization Tools

A

Moves beyond excel graphs and charts into sophisticated analysis techniques such as pie charts, controls, instruments, maps, time-series graphs, ect.

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18
Q

Data Warehouse

A

A logical collection of information, gathered from many different operational databases, that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks.

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19
Q

Database

A

Maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions, people (employees), and places (warehouses).

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20
Q

Database Management System (DBMS)

A

Creates, reads, updates, and deletes data, in a database while controlling access and security.

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21
Q

Data-Driven Website

A

An interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers using a database.

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22
Q

Data-Mining Tool

A

Uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information that predict future behavior and and guide decision making.

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23
Q

Dynamic Catalog

A

An area of a website that stores information about products in a database.

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24
Q

Dynamic Information

A

Includes data that change based on user actions. For example, static websites supply only information that will not change until the content editor changes the information.

25
Q

Entity

A

Stores information about a person, place, thing, transaction, or event.

26
Q

Extraction Transformation, and Loading (ELT)

A

A process that extracts information from internal and external databases, transforms it using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads it into a data warehouse.

27
Q

Forecasts

A

Predictions based on time-series information.

28
Q

Foreign Key

A

A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables.

29
Q

Inforgraphic (or Information Graphic)

A

Displays information graphically so it can be easily understood.

30
Q

Information Cleansing or Scrubbing

A

A process that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent, incorrect, or incomplete information.

31
Q

Information Cube

A

The common term for the representation of multidimensional information.

32
Q

Information Granularity

A

The extent of detail within the information (fine and detailed or course and abstract).

33
Q

Information Inconsistency

A

Occurs when the same data element has different values.

34
Q

Information Integrity

A

A measure of the quality of information.

35
Q

Information Integrity Issues

A

Occurs when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or duplicate data.

36
Q

Information Redundancy

A

The duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in multiple places.

37
Q

Informing

A

Accessing large amounts of data from different management information systems.

38
Q

Integrity Constraint

A

Rules that help ensure the quality of information.

39
Q

Logical View of Information

A

Shows how individual users logically access information to meet their own particular business needs.

40
Q

Market Basket Analysis

A

Analyzes such inters as websites and checkout scanner information to detect customers’ buying behavior and predict future behavior by identifying affinities among customers’ choices of products and services.

41
Q

Metadata

A

Details about data.

42
Q

Physical View of Information

A

The physical storage of information on a storage device.

43
Q

Primary Key

A

A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given record in a table.

44
Q

Query-By-Example (QBE) Tool

A

Helps users graphically design the answer to a question against a database.

45
Q

Real-Time Information

A

Immediate, up-to-date information.

46
Q

Real-Time System

A

Provides real-time information in response to requests.

47
Q

Record

A

A collection of related data elements.

48
Q

Relational Database Management

A

Allows users to create, read, update, and delete data in a relational database.

49
Q

Relational Database Model

A

Stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables.

50
Q

Relational Integrity Constraint

A

Rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints.

51
Q

Static Information

A

Includes fixed data that are not capable of change in the event of a user action.

52
Q

Statistical Analysis

A

Performs such functions as information correlations, distributions, calculations, and variance analysis.

53
Q

Structured Data

A

Data already in a database or a spreadsheet.

54
Q

Structured Query Language (SQL)

A

Users write lines of code to answer questions against a database.

55
Q

Text Mining

A

Analyzes unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and sentences.

56
Q

Time-Series Information

A

Time-stamped information collected at a particular frequency.

57
Q

Unstructured Data

A

Data that do not exist in a fixed location and can include text documents, PDFs, voice messages, emails, ect.

58
Q

Web Mining

A

Analyzes unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer behavior and website navigation.

Information Systems (9 decks)

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