MIS Chapter 5 Flashcards
Accessibility
Refers to the varying levels that define what a user can access, view, or perform when operating a system.
Administrator Access
Unrestricted access to the entire system.
Agile MIS Infrastructure
Includes the hardware, software, and telecommunications equipment that, when combined, provides the underlying foundation to support the organizations goals.
Supports Change
- Accessibility
- Maintainability
- Portability
- Reliability
- Scalability
- Usability
Availability
Refers to the time frames when the system is operational.
Backup
An exact copy of a system’s information
Business Continuity Planning (BCP)
Details a company recovers and restores critical business operations and systems after a disaster or extended disruption.
- Disaster Recovery Plan
- Business Impact Analysis
- Emergency Notification Services
- Technology Recovery Strategies
Business Impact Analysis
A process that identifies all critical business functions and the effect that a specific disaster may have upon them.
Capacity
Represents the maximum throughput a system can deliver; for example, the capacity of a hard drive represents the size or volume.
Capacity Planning
Determines future environmental infrastructure requirements to ensure high-quality system performance.
Carbon Emissions
Includes the carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in the atmosphere, produced by business processes and systems.
-Reduced with lower energy consumption
Client
A computer designed to request information from a server.
Cloud Bursting
When a company uses its own computing infrastructure for normal usage and accesses the cloud when it needs to scale for high/peak load requirements, ensuring a sudden spike in usage does not result in poor performance or system crashes.
Cloud Computing
A model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be reap idly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.
Benefits
- On-Demand Self-Service
- Broad Network Access
- Multi-Tenancy
- Rapid Elasticity
- Measured Service
Cloud Fabric
The software that makes the benefits of cloud computing possible, such as multi-tenancy.
Cloud Fabric Controller
An individual who monitors and provisions cloud resources similar to a server administrator at an individual company.
Cold Site
A separate facility that does not have any computer equipment but is a place where employees can move after a disaster.
Community Cloud
Serves a specific community with common business models, security requirements, and compliance considerations.
Corporate Social Responsibility
Companies’ acknowledged responsibility to society.
Data Center
A facility used to house management information systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems.
Disaster Recovery Cost Curve
Charts (1) the cost to the company of the unavailability of information and technology and (2) the cost to the company of recovering from a disaster over time.
Disaster Recovery Plan
A detailed process for recovering information or a system in the event of a catastrophic disaster.
Dynamic Scaling
Means that the MIS infrastructure can be automatically scaled up or down based on needed requirements.
Emergency
A sudden, unexpected event requiring immediate action due to potential threat to health and safety, the environment, or property.
Emergency Notification Service
An infrastructure built for notifying people in the event of an emergency.
Emergency Preparedness
Ensures a company is ready to respond to an emergency in an organized, timely, and effective manner.
Energy Consumption
The amount of energy consumed by business processes and systems.
Enterprise Architect
A person grounded in technology, fluent in business, and able to provide the important bridge between MIS and the business.
Ewaste
Refers to discarded, obsolete, or broken electronic devices.
Failback
Occurs when the primary machine recovers and resumes operations, taking over from the secondary server.
Failover
A specific type of fault tolerance, occurs when a redundant storage server offers an exact replica of the real-time data, and if the primary server crashes the users are automatically directed to the secondary server or backup server.
Fault Tolerance
A general concept that a system has the ability to respond to unexpected failures or system crashes as the backup system immediately and automatically takes over with no loss of service.
Grid Computing
A collection of computers, often geographically dispersed, that are coordinated to solve a common problem.
Hardware
Consists of the physical devices associated with a computer system.
High Availability
Occurs when a system is continuously operational at all times.
Hot Site
A separate and fully equipped facility where the company can move immediately after a disaster and resume business.
Hybrid Cloud
Includes two or more private, public, or community clouds, but each cloud remains separate and is only linked by technology that enables data and application portability.
Incident
Unplanned interruption of a service.
Incident Management
The process responsible for managing how incidents are identified and corrected.
Incident Record
Contains all of the details of an incident.
Information MIS Infrastructure
Identifies where and how important information, such as customer records, is maintained and secured.
Support Operations
- Backup
- Recovery
- Disaster Recovery
- Business Continuity Planning
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
The delivery of computer hardware capability, including the use of servers, networking, and storage, as a service.
Maintainability (or Flexibility)
Refers to how quickly a system can transform to support environmental changes.
MIS Infrastructure
Includes the plans for how a firm will build, deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and MIS assets.
Moore’s Law
Refers to the computer chip performance per dollar doubling every 18 months.
Multi-Tenancy
A single instance of a system serves multiple customers.
Network
A communications system created by linking two or more devices and establishing a standard methodology in which they can communicate.
Performance
Measures how quickly a system performs a process or transaction.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Supports the deployment of entire systems including hardware, networking, and applications using a pay-per-use revenue model.
Portability
Refers to the ability of an application to operate on different devices or software platforms, such as different operating systems.
Private Cloud
Serves only one customer or organization and can be located on the customers’ premises or off the customer’s premises.
Public Cloud
Promotes massive, global, industrywide applications offered to the general public.
Recovery
The ability to get a system up and running in the event of a system crash or failure that includes restoring the information backup.
Reliability (or Accuracy)
Ensures a system is functioning correctly and providing accurate information.
Scalability
Describes how well a system can scale up or adapt to the increased demand of growth.
Server
A computer dedicated to providing information in response to requests.
Serviceability
How quickly a third party or vendor can change a system to ensure it meets user needs and the terms of any contracts, including agreed levels of reliability, maintainability or availability.
Single-Tenancy
Each customer or tenant must purchase and maintain an individual system.
Smart Grid
Delivers electricity using two-way digital technology.
Software
The set of instructions the hardware executes to carry out specific tasks.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Delivers applications over the cloud using a pay-per-use revenue model.
Sustainable MIS Disposal
Refers to the safe disposal of MIS assets at the end of their life cycle.
Sustainable MIS Infrastructure
Identifies ways that a company can grow in terms of computing resources while simultaneously becoming less dependent on hardware and energy consumption.
Supports Sustainability
- Grid Computing
- Cloud Computing
- Virtualization
Sustainable, or Green, MIS
Describes the production, management, use, and disposal of technology in a way that minimizes damage to the environment.
Technology Failure
Occurs when the ability of a company to operate is impaired because of a hardware, software, or data outage.
Technology Recovery Strategy
Focus specifically on prioritizing the order for restoring hardware, software, and data across the organization that best meets business recovery requirements.
- Hardware
- Software
- Data Center
- Hetworking
Unavailable
When a system is not operating or cannot be used.
Usability
The degree to which a system is easy to learn and efficient and satisfying to use.
Utility Computing
Offers a pay-per-use revenue model similar to a metered service such as gas or electricity.
Virtualization
Creates multiple “virtual” machines on a single computing device.
Vulnerability
A system weakness that can be exploited by a threat; for example, a password that is never changed or a system left on while an employee goes to lunch.
Warm Site
A separate facility with computer equipment that requires installation and configuration.
Web Accessibility
Means that people with disabilities–including visual, auditor, physical, speech, cognitive, and neurological disabilities–can use the web.
Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI)
Brings together people from industry, disability organizations, government, and research labs from around the world to develop guidelines and resources to help make the web accessible to people with disabilities, including auditory, cognitive, neurological, physical, speech, and visual disabilities.
