Miracles Flashcards

1
Q

Key Philosophers

A

Hume and Wiles

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2
Q

Hume’s view

A

Miracles aren’t impossible but are impossible to prove

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3
Q

Hume’s 6 key points

A

1) Principle of induction
2) Miracle would only be true if it would be more miraculous to be false
3) Never had enough credible witnesses
4) People want to believe the miracle is true
5) Ignorant countries
6) Cancel each other out

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4
Q

Principle of Induction

A

We know the laws of nature exist and can conclude that they will probably reoccur

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5
Q

Challengers to Hume

A

Wilkinson and Campbell
Davies
Vardy
Swinburne

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6
Q

Wilkinson and Campbell

A

The PoI only leads to probable conclusions

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7
Q

Davies

A

Improbability does not mean impossibility

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8
Q

Vardy

A

Modern miracles observed by scientists

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9
Q

Swinburne

A

Pluralism means religions don’t cancel each other out

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10
Q

Supporters of Hume

A

Dawkins

Atkins

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11
Q

Dawkins

A

Hume didn’t say miracles were impossible, but improbable

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12
Q

Atkins

A

Miracles are people seeking publicity or hallucinating

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13
Q

Wiles’ view

A
  • Creation is the one and only miracle
  • God could perform miracles whenever he wanted to but does not as this would mean we could not predict what the natural world would do
  • Hume’s definition would paint God as arbitrary and partisan
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14
Q

Supporters of Wiles

A

Bultmann

Vardy

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15
Q

Bultmann

A

Miracles are not literal events but reveal a deeper spiritual truth

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16
Q

Vardy

A

If God performed miracles he would face ‘hard moral questioning’

17
Q

Opposers of Wiles

A

Swinburne

18
Q

Swinburne

A

God may perform miracles for those who are desperate like a parent would bend the rules for their child

19
Q

Miracles are significant / positive

A
  • Show God’s nature
  • Example of his direct revelation
  • Ward: God intervenes rarely to do the best and to build up faith in him
  • Swinburne: Great religious significance, foundational
20
Q

Miracles are insignificant / negative

A
  • God of the gaps, we attribute things we do not understand via science to God so he will eventually become meaningless
  • Dawkins: Coincidences
  • Hume’s definition = arbitrary and partisan God
  • Miracles cancel each other out
21
Q

Scientific answers

A

Colin Humphreys:
- The miracle is in the timing

Parting of the Red Sea:
- Sustained gust of wind in the right place could have caused this and there is a similar place nearby

22
Q

Realism

A
  • Real
  • Brought about by God or someone empowered by him
  • Evidence for God’s existence
23
Q

Anti-realism

A
  • Symbolic
  • Epistemic distance
  • In the mind
24
Q

A realist

A

Anthony Flew

  • Truth is based on historical evidence
  • For a christian to believe they must accept the bible is historically accurate
25
Q

An Anti-realist

A

Bultmann

  • Bible needs to be stripped of myth to reveal its kerygma (religious truth)
  • Deeper spiritual meaning
  • Myths
  • Feeding of the 500 shows God’s boundless love
26
Q

Forms of life philosopher

A

Wittgenstein

27
Q

Wittgenstein’s forms of life

A
  • Theism and atheism are different ways of seeing the world

- Both accounts are correct as they are found in different forms of life

28
Q

Supporter of forms of life

A

Hick and Holland

29
Q

Hick’s ‘experiencing-as’

A
  • Miracles are ordinary events seen through the eyes of faith
30
Q

Holland

A

Train-track account

- Miracle to the mother even though there is an explanation