Minor Illness Flashcards
UTI women
100mg Nitro 3 days
200mg trim 3 days
If persisting
Nitro (not used)
Penecillin based
If pregnant avoid trimethoprim- teratogenic
Nitro for 7 days BD
amoxicillin BD 7 days
Tonsillitis Complications
Peritonsillar abscess (inc post Abx)
Otitis media
Rheumatic fever/GN
UTI Complications
stones pyelonephritis pre-term (women) prostatitis impaired renal functions urosepsis
Tonsillitis cause
strep.pyogenes
Children Urine dip
\+ve- Give Abx -ve <3years- give Abx -ve >3years- dont give Abx Upper UTI- hospital +Abx Lower UTI- trimethoprim/nitro Abx
Men UTI treatment
Non catheter- nitrofurantoin/trimethoprim 7 days
Catheter- amoxicillin/nitrofurantoin/trimethoprim 7 days
Acute Bronchitis vs pneumonia
AB may not have one of breathlessness, wheeze or sputum but will be present in pneumonia.
AB good chest sounds
AB not systemic
If AB not responding to conservative treatment
Doxycycline, unless pregnant/child- amoxicillin
Pneumonia treatment
Amoxicillin, if allergy- doxycycline/clarithromycin
Pneumonia symptom stages
1 week- fever clears 4 weeks- sputum and chest pain clears 6 weeks- cough and breathlessness clear 3 months- fatigue persisting 6 months- all symptoms clear
Quinsy abscess features
Stiff neck
unilateral pain
uvula deviation away from affected side
difficulty opening mouth
Quinsy abscess treatment
I+D and IV Abx
tonsillectomy- so to reduce recurrence
Scabies treatment
All conservative measures +
permethrin 5%- 1st line
malathione 0.5%- 2nd line
reapply after 7 days
Fifth disease symptoms
Slapped cheeks
Lethargy
Fatigue
Headache
Fifth disease complications
hydrops fetalis/foetal death
anaemia
Nappy rash complications
Bacterial infection- Abx (oral)
Candida infection- Anti-fungal (topical- imidazole)
NB. red and inflamed- treat hydrocortisone
Other causes of plantar fasciitis
Due to repetitive microtears of the PF. Also MSK (calcaneal fracture, Achilles tendinopathy), trauma, arthritis, infection, neurological.
Impetigo treatment
Non bullous (strep pyogenes/staph.aureus/both) local- topical hydrogen peroxidase 5 days. (Abx if contraindicated) Bullous (staph.aureus) systemic- Oral Abx (flucloxacillin) 5-7 days.
Diarrhoea
Acute<14 days
Persistent>14 days
Chronic>4 weeks
Diarrhoea Red Flags
>4 weeks persistent bloody unintentional weight loss rectal/abdominal mass nocturnal diarrhoea iron deficiency anaemia
When to refer diarrhoea for cancer 2ww?
If palpable abdominal/rectal mass.
If >50yrs + change in bowel habit/abdo pain/ID anaemia/weight loss/
Is GORD associated with H.pylori?
NOOOOOO
GORD treatment
+ve endoscopy-
Full dose PPI for 1 month
Symptoms improve- continue on lower dose
Symptoms persist- double the dose.
-ve endoscopy-
Full dose PPI for 1 month
Symptoms improve- continue on lower dose as required
Symptoms persist consider H2RA
Migraines meds
1st line Sumatriptan
Prophylaxis- Amitriptyline, propranolol
Cluster headaches meds
Sumatriptan
NO NSAIDs/analgesia
O2 therapy short bursts
Blackout causes
Vasovagal- Prolonged standing, pain, sweating before Orthostatic Cardiac Epilepsy HypoG
Bacterial vaginosis treatment
Oral metronidazole 5-7 days
EVEN IN PREGNANCY!!
Thrush RF
DM, IC, pregnancy, Abx use
Thrush treatment
topical (clotrimazole) or oral (fluconazole) antifungals
TOPICALS IN PREGNANCY!!
Suspect orbital cellulitis
Red/swelling Visual disturbance Sever ocular pain Proptosis Drowsiness
Conjunctivitis treatment
Conservative
Bacterial- chloramphenicol drops 2-3hrly, ointment QDS.
If allergic then antihistamines
Influenza complications
Acute otitis media
Acute bronchitis
Pneumonia
Sinusitis
Headaches Red flags
Sudden onset (thunder clap)
Visual disturbance
Change in personality
Vomiting w/o other obvious cause
Anaphylaxis Management-
Secure airway.
0.5mg Adrenaline, every 5 mins up to 3 times.
15L O2.
If wheeze then nebulised salbutamol.
IV- Fluids, Hydrocortisone 200mg, Chlorphenamine 10mg.
Monitor
Long term teach about allergy and self administered adrenaline (EpiPen).
