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GP Block > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Cellulitis complications-

A

Persistent leg ulcers
Recurrent cellulitis
Sepsis
Necrotising fasciitis

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2
Q

Admit for cellulitis if…

A 
Lymphoedema
<1yrs
Facial cellulitis
Immunocompromised
Rapidly deteriorating
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3
Q

Cellulitis treatment-

A

1st- Flucloxacillin
If penicillin allergy then macrolide or doxycycline in pregnancy.
If severe then ceftriaxone

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4
Q

Hand, Foot and Mouth-

A

Initial fever, lethargy, fatigue.
Then mouth ulcers
Then macules/papules on palms/soles of hand and feet.

Treat symptoms, contagious, good hygeine.

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5
Q

SCC RF-

A

Sunlight exposure
Smoking
Immunosuppression
Main- actinic keratosis- precursor for SCC

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6
Q

SCC Management-

A

<20mm then 4mm excision border

>20mm then 6mm excision border

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7
Q

Malignant melanoma RF-

A

Short bursts of sun exposure (holiday)

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8
Q

Malignant melanoma 2ww referral-

A

If scoring 3 points-

2 points for-
Change in size
Irregular in colour
Irregular in shape

1 point for-
Inflammation
Oozing
>7mm
Change in sensation
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9
Q

Malignant melanoma ABCDE

A 
Asymmetry
Borders irregular
Colour irregular
Diameter 
Evolution/Elevation
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10
Q

Malignant melanoma management-

A

Excise the entire lesion for biopsy
+ve for cancer then excise the borders
Look for any mets, lymph node involvement

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11
Q

BCC RF-

See telangiectasia and known as rodent ulcer

A

Sun
Blue eyes, fair skin
Previous BCC
Elderly male

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12
Q

BCC management

A

Excision
Curettage (scraping)
Cryotherapy (freeze with NO)
Topical cream

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13
Q

Dermatofibroma

A

Increase in fibrous tissue over skin.
Benign
Due to foreign object, I.e. ingrown hair

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14
Q

Cafe au lait macule

A

Birth mark

Can be light brown to darker brown pigment

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15
Q

Urticaria management

A

1st Non sedative antihistamine- cetirizine QDS.
If severe-oral corticosteroids.
Sedative antihistamine if problems sleeping- chloramphenicol.
Dermatology referral if painful and persistent urticaria, widespread acute, chronic (>6wks)

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16
Q

Fungal infection names

Appearance

A

Body- tinea corporis
Groin tinea cruris

Occurs with anything increasing sweat- tight clothes, obesity, humidity, hydrohidrosis

Appears scaly red edge with clear centre

17
Q

Management of fungal infections-

A

Mild- topical terbinafine or imidazole
If inflamed- topical hydrocortisone
Severe-oral terbinafine or oral itraconazole

Still persists then send skin sample for microscopy.

18
Q

Onychomycosis-

Fungal nail infection

A

Treatment-
Self care- shirt nails
1st- Nail liquid amorolifine
2nd- Terbinafine if dermatophyte infection, itraconazole if candida/ND infection.

Assess 3-6 months later.

If still persisting send off nails for microscopy

19
Q

Acne Rosacea diagnostic findings-

A

Phylomatous changes

Persistent erythema

20
Q

Acne rosacea treatment-

A

Topical metronidazole
If flushing also occurs then topical brimonidine.
If more severe then oral oxytetracycline.

21
Q

Acne vulgaris complications-

A

Hyper/hypopigmentation
Scarring
Depression/Anxiety

22
Q

Acne Vulgaris classification

A

Mild- Open/closed comedones (black/whiteheads), no inflammation.

Moderate- Widespread non inflammatory lesions, papules and pustules.

Severe- Widespread inflammation, scarring, cysts etc

23
Q

Acne vulgaris treatment-

A

1st- Single therapy- Topixal Retinoids or benzoyl peroxidase.
2nd- Combined retinoids/BP/Abx
3rd- Oral Abx (tetracycline 3 months) or COCP in females.
4th- Roaccutane- need hospital to prescribe. Supervised under specialist.

24
Q

Erythema nodusum causes-

Inflammation of subcut fat

A 
Infections eg TB
Systemic diseases eg Sarcoidosis, IBD
Malignancy
Drugs- penicillin, COCP
Pregnancy
25
Q

Erythema nodusum management-

A

Manage pain with colchicine, NSAIDs.

If rule out malignancy, sepsis or systemic infection then treat with systemic corticosteroids.

26
Q

Eczema Management-

A

1) Emollient
2) If inflamed then corticosteroid (low potent to high- hydrocortisone, betamethasone, fluticasone).
3) Non sedative antihistamines
4) If sleep affected then sedative antihistamines
5) Oral corticosteroids

If oozing, weeping, pustules suggestive of bacterial infection- need Abx.

27
Q

Psoriasis RF-

A 
FHx
Smoking/alcohol
Hormone
Infection
Trauma

Better with sunlight

28
Q

Psoriasis management-

NB Vit D will reduce proliferation of cells and therefore epidermis

A

1) Corticosteroid + Vit D analogue, both taken OD but at different times. (4wks)
2) Vit D analogue TDS
3) Oral Corticosteroid TDS (4wks)
4) Specialist referral

Secondary-
Phototherapy
Oral methotrexate

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