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world of the hero > minor characters in the iliad > Flashcards

minor characters in the iliad Flashcards

1
Q

Who is Paris?

A

Son of Priam + Hecuba
Trojan

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2
Q

What is Paris’ role in the epic?

A

He broke Xenia years before the iliad by stealing Helen, Menelaus’ wife whilst being a guest in their house
This sparked the Trojan War

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3
Q

How do others view Paris?

A

Other Greeks + Trojans dislike Paris because they have to risk + give their lives for something he did when he isn’t even fighting with them

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4
Q

What does Paris do in book 3 when he sees Menelaus?

A

He cowers back into the army to avoid death

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5
Q

How does Hector react to Paris’ actions in book 3?

A

Tells Paris he never should’ve been born

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6
Q

How does Paris react to Hectors word in book 3?

A

Paris says Hectors taunts are justified

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7
Q

Why might Paris be considered unheroic?

A

He retreats in fear when he sees Menelaus
His people are fighting for him and he stays out of battle with Helen
He broke xenia

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8
Q

Which goddess favours Paris?

A

Aphrodite

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9
Q

How is Helen viewed by people?

A

Hated by the Trojans + Greeks - her beauty is blamed for the start of the Trojan war
Hector + Priam are more sympathetic towards her

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10
Q

How does Helen regard herself?

A

She is often self deprecating
She regrets going to Troy + wishes she died in misery

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11
Q

How does Helen interact w Aphrodite?

A

Helen insults Aphrodite by telling her to forget she is a goddess and go w Paris herself
Helen then gets scared after being threatened by Aphrodite

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12
Q

What is Helen an example of?

A

Women in the ancient world are used as prizes and not people - Helen has no say in what happens to her

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13
Q

Who is Menelaus?

A

Menelaus was Helen’s husband + a Greek

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14
Q

What is Menelaus’ epithet?

A

Master of the battle - cry
War like Menelaus

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15
Q

What simile is used to compare Menelaus in book 3?

A

He is compared to a lion who greedily devours a carcass

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16
Q

How does Menelaus speak?

A

He speaks fluently, not much but clearly + gets to the point

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17
Q

How is Menelaus described in the end of book 4?

A

Prowling through the ranks like a wilde beast

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18
Q

Who shoots at Menelaus + what does this do?

A

Pandaras, influenced by Athene shoots at Menelaus; causing the breakage of oath + the war to restart

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19
Q

What is Odysseus’ epithet?

A

Quick thinking Odysseus

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20
Q

How is Odysseus described in book 3?

A

A man of all kinds of manoeuvres + strategies

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21
Q

How does Odysseus appear before he speaks?

A

He appears as if he is not smart

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22
Q

How is Odysseus’ speaking compared to?

A

He liberates his great voice from his chest + pours out words like the snows of winter

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23
Q

What does Menelaus feel in book 10?

A

Anxiety for his men

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24
Q

What does Menelaus do when ordered to kill a Trojan?

A

He is about to let him go

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25
Who is Diomedes? What is his epithet
Greek hero Diomedes master of the battle-cry
26
Which Trojan does Diomedes interact with in book 6?
Glaucus
27
What does Glaucus tell Diomedes in book 6? What do they do?
The tale of how their grandfathers knew each other + exchanged gifts So D+G swap armour
28
What does Diomedes do in book 10?
Volunteers to attack the Trojan camps at night
29
Who does Diomedes choose to go w him in book 10?
Odysseus
30
How does Diomedes describe Odysseus?
He puts a willing heart + soul into everything he does
31
Who is Dolon?
A Trojan warrior who was sent by Hector to raid Greek camps
32
How is Dolon described by Virgil?
Fast on his feet - the 1 boy in a family of 6 - may be seen as feminine
33
How does Dolon pass Odysseus + Diomedes?
In complete ignorance + stops when he hears them chasing him bc he thinks they're friends
34
What simile is used to describe Diomedes + Odysseus chasing Dolon in book 10?
Sharp-toothed hunting dogs chasing a fawn
35
Who gives Diomedes extra speed in b10?
Athene
36
How is Dolon described after being caught by D+O?
He stops, stuttering + white w fear; bursts into tears
37
What does Odysseus tell Dolon?
Tells him not to worry about dying + that they just want answers
38
What does Dolon's behaviour in book 10 tell us?
He is impetuous + fearful - he gives in easily to O+D
39
What does Dolon say about O+Ds questions?
"I'll answer your questions exactly"
40
What does Diomoedes do to Dolon?
Decapitates him
41
What do Diomedes + Odysseus do after killing Dolon + why?
They kill the whole contingent of Trojans - they got the info they need but still want timē
42
What is Odysseus' speech to Achilles in b9?
He reasons w Achilles + tells him that the Achaeans need him - pleading for help
43
What is Phoenix' speech to Achilles in b9?
He is more endearing
44
Who is Phoenix?
Phoenix raised Achilles from a child + treats him like a son
45
What does Ajax tell Achilles in b9?
He tells him that Achilles needs to fight otherwise they're doomed
46
Who is Nestor?
Old, brave Greek warrior - known for speaking abilities
47
Who is Hecuba?
Wife of Priam, Hector + Paris' mother
48
What does Hecabe give Hector in book 6? What is this for?
Wine to make a libation to Zeus Also for Hector to drink if he wants
49
What does Hecabe say when she finds out Hector was killed?
"Why should I live + suffer now you are dead?"
50
What does Hecabe call Hector in book 22?
The answer to her prayers
51
What does Hecabe try + do when she finds out Priam was told to go to Greek camps?
She tries to stop him
52
How does Hecabe refer to Priam's heart in book 24?
A heart of iron
53
What does Hecabe say the only thing they can do is in book 24?
The only thing they can do is weep for their son
54
What does Hecabe want to do to Achilles in book 24?
She wishes she can eat Achilles' liver
55
Who is Agamemnon?
Commander of the Achaean army
56
What does Agamemnon do in book 1? What effect does this have?
He steals Achilles' war prize (Briseis) causing Achilles to leave the war
57
How does Agamemnon refer to Chryses in b1?
"old man"
58
How does Agamemnon threaten Chryses?
Tells him to leave if he wants to save his skin
59
How does Agamemnon insult Apollo in b1?
He insults his priest, Chryses
60
How is Agamemnon deceived in b2?
He is told that Zeus says he should prepare his people for battle; they have a chance to capture Troy
61
What does Agamemnon say about warriors who prefer to stay far from battle?
Nothing can save them; they are for the dogs + birds
62
What does Agamemnon say in b9 when he finds out he was deluded by Zeus? What is he doing?
He wipes his tears + says Zeus' advice was an evil deception

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