Mini Assessment 1 Flashcards
1-tooth prep
2-the status of tooth surface pathways
1-mechanical alteration of a defective, injured or disease tooth so that placememnt of restorative material re-establishes normal form, function & esthetics
2- a- Clinically sound (ICDAS 0,1,2) —> no treatment, recall, & maintenance
b- lesion—>inactive—> recall & maintenance
c-lesion—>active—> no cavitation—> caries management, non operative treatment
d- lesion—> active—>cavitation (ICDAS 4, 5, 6)—> operative & treatment
1- GV Black
1-classification of carious lesions & tooth preparations by the anatomic areas and the type of treatment
- based on observed frequency of carious lesions on aspects of the tooth
- modified over the decades
1- Class 1 Preparation
2- Class 2 Preparation
3- Class 3 Prep
4-Class 4 Prep
5-Class 5 Prep
6-Class 6 Prep
7- Root surface lesions
8- non carious cervical lesions (NCCL)
1-Pit & Fissure Lesions—including occlusal, buccal pits of molars, lingual pits of molars & anterior teeth
2-Proximal surfaces of posterior teeth lesion—inactive arrested carious lesion
3-Proximal surfaces of anterior teeth
4-involvement of proximal & incisal edge
-incisal edge, fractured tooth, & extensive carious lesion
5-lesions on the facial & lingual surfaces of all teeth—smooth surface carious lesions
6-lesions on the cusp tips of posterior teeth, incisal edge of anterior teeth—(amalgam)
7-root caries & senile caries
8- erosion, abrasion, & abfraction
1- naming preps
2-cavosurface margin
3-external outline form
4-internal outline form
5- “box”
6-“floors”
1-use first letter (capitalized) of each tooth surface involved: O, MO, DO
2-edge or margin of a prep
3-shape & extent of cavosurface margin
4-shape, angulation & form of internal walls
5-parts of prep—occlusal box, proximal box
6-pulpal foor & gingival/cervical floor
1-intercuspal distance
2-isthmus width
3-line angle
4-point angle
5-names of line angles & point angles
1-important when measuring width of isthmus
—wide isthmus= cusp fracture
2-prep w/ an isthmus width of 1/4 the intercuspal width= fracture resistance
isthmus widths greater than 1/4 = less resistance
narrower isthmus width= less incidence of cusp fracture
3-angle formed by junction of 2 walls
4-formed by junction of 3 walls or 3 line angles
5-drop last 2 letters of first (sometimes second) word in name of wall and add O (i.e. axial= axio) combine it w/ the other name= axiopulpal line angle or axiocervicofacial point angle
1-convergence
2-divergence
3-parallel
4-direct restorations (amalgam)
5-direct restortions (composite)
6-indirect restorations (gold/ceramic)
1-coming together—lines converge towards the open end (occlusal surface of tooth) so the walls of the prep converge towards the occlusal
2-lines diverge towards the open end (occlusal surface of tooth) so the walls of the prep diverge towards teh occlusal
3-keeping the same distance—left and right line are parallel to one another
4-amalgam—requires buccal & lingual walls that converge bc amalgam is plastic so when placed in prep it hardens, so the convergent walls= retention for the material
5-can have convergent or parallel walls bc the resin is bonded to the tooth structure for retention
when palced in prep it hardens when exposed to curing light
6-requires buccal & lingual walls that are divergent
bc restoration is fabricated outside the mouth and then cemented into place
1-wall direction
2-remaining dentin thickness
3- 0.5 mm thickness of dentin
4- 1.0 mm thickness of dentin
5-pulpal reaction
1-walls of preps should give enamel rods supported by dentin —-unsupoorted enamel can fracture and leave an open margin around the restoration
2-thickness of dentin between floor/wall of prep & pulp
- not the same for each prep
- varies depending upon the tooth, location of the prep, the size, & location of the pulp in relation
3- reduces effect of toxic substances by 75%
4-reduces effect of toxins by 90%
5-not much of a reaction where there is RDT of 2.0 mm or more, biggest impact when there is about .25-.3 mm
1- reason for tooth prep
2-objectives of tooth prep
1-caries progression may cause destruction of tooth structure
repalcement of defective restorations
restore form & function to fractured teeth
restore esthetics
2-remove all defects & provide protection to pulp
extend prep conservatively as possible
form prep so when masticating, tooth/restoration wont fracture or move
esthetic & functional placemement of restorative
1-factors affecting tooth prep
2-mandibular 1st premolar
1-DX= caries, occlusion, pulpal status, perio status
- knowledge of anatomy- enamel rod direction, thickness of enamel/dentin, size & position of pulp, & relationship of tooth to supporting tooth structure
- patient factors/material= esthetic concerns, economic factors, & tolerating appointments
- restorative material= ability to isolate the area & extent/location of lesion
2-large buccal cusp w/ small non functional lingual cusp
-if prepared w/ straight vertical alighment will remove tooth structure close to the buccal pulp horn
1- convential restorative material
2-modified restorative material
1-specific wall forms, depths & marginal forms bc of the properties of the restorative material
-amalgam, gold, ceramic
2-removal of degect, defective restorative material or friable tooth structure w/o specific uniform depths, wall designs or marginal forms
-resin composite
1-steps in cavity prep
- establish outline form
- obtain resistance form
- obtain retention form
- obtain convenience form
- remove remaining infected dentin/prior restorative material
- pulp protection
- finish enamel walls & cavosurface margins
- clean prep
1-establish outline form
2-obtain resistance form
1-the extent of carious lesion is the primary determinany of the outline form—materials other than amalgam may allow for conservation of tooth structure
so the choice of restorative material & patient risk= determines outline form
2-shape & placememnt of cavity walls that enables resotration & tooth to withstand (no fracture) masticatory forces delivered along long axis of tooth—narrow isthmus, rounded axial-pulpal & internal line angles, thickness of restorative, & inclusion of weakened structures
1-obtain retention form
2-resistance/retention
3-establish convenience form
4-final tooth prep
1-shape of prepared cavity that resists displacement or removal from tipping/lifting forces
—convergent walls, retention grooves, & resin composites (via micromechanical retention)
2-provided by shape of teh cavity & by rounded undercuts
3-shape or form of cavity that allows observation, accessibility, & easy of operation in prapring & restoring a cavity
4-remove remaining infected dentin/ prior restorative material w/ pulp protection if indicated
1-finish enamel walls & cavosurface margins
2-clean the prep
3-considerations when using instrumentation
1-bevel margins as required (anterior composite prep), remove unsupported/friable enamel
-unsupported enamel may fracture away=open margin
2-remaining debris can affect bonding to the tooth surface
3-patient protection—eye protection(patient wear glasses), pulp protection (use water spray to diminish head from hand piece…h20 should be to the tooth & head of bur), & soft tissue protection via rubber dam & stable finger rests
1-personal protection when using instrumentation
2-ergonomics
3-hand positions
4-high speed
5-slow speed
1-eye protection (safety glasses), inhalation protection (masks), & ear/hearing protection (electric handpiece produces less noise than air turbine)
2-for mandibular arch for r. handed= 7 for left handed= 5 for maxillary= 11-12 for r and 12-1 for left
3-modified pen grasp, stabilize hand & instrument via finger rests on tooth surfaces, not soft tissue
4-cuts enamel, outline & extension of prep, friction grip burs
5-will not cut intact enamel, used for caries excavation, prep refinement, retention grooves
latch purps
