Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Diet Therapy > minerals > Flashcards

minerals Flashcards

1
Q

what makes a mineral a major or trace mineral

A

if you need for than 100mg/day its a major mineral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the major minerals

A

sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

sodium function

A

primary extracellular cation, fluid balance, nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

sodium food

A

processed foods, snack foods, canned stuff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

sodium deficiency

A

rare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

sodium toxicity

A

edema, hypertension, stroke, chronic heart failure increased calcium loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sodium recommendation

A

< 2300 mg/day, goal is < 1500 mg/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

potassium function

A

primary intracellular cation, fluid balance, nerve impulse transmission, muscle contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

potassium food source

A

fruits and vegetables, milk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

potassium recommendations `

A

4700mg/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

potassium deficiency

A

increased BP, kidney stones, irregular heartbeat, muscle weakness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

potassium toxicity

A

rare, muscle weakness vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what should the balance of sodium and potassium be

A

high potassium and low sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

chloride functions

A

primary extracellular anion, fluid balance, component of stomach acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

chloride deficiency and toxicity

A

secondary to fluid intake or loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

chloride food

A

salty, processed foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

calcium functions

A

major component of bone, BP, muscle contraction, protein activation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

calcium deficiency

A

osteoporosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

calcium toxicity

A

hypercalcemia, confusion, lethargy, cardiac arrhythmias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

calcium food

A

milk and milk products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

calcium recommendation

A

adults: 1000-2500 mg/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

phosphorus function

A

component of DNA, bones and teeth

23
Q

phosphorus deficiency

A

rare, muscle weakness and bone loss

24
Q

phosphorus toxicity

A

rare, loss of calcium

25
Q

phosphorus food sources

A

meats, seafood, whole grains

26
Q

magnesiums funcitons

A

coenzyme, component of bone

27
Q

magnesium deficiency

A

impairs CNS, tetany

28
Q

magnesium toxicity

A

can be fatal

29
Q

magnesium food sources

A

nuts and seeds, legumes

30
Q

zinc function

A

regulates gene expression, immune function, growth

31
Q

zinc deficiency

A

rare in developed countries, growth retardation, slow wound healing, loss of taste and smell

32
Q

zinc toxicity

A

vomiting, diarrhea, headaches

33
Q

zinc food sources

A

animal protein

34
Q

iron functions

A

oxygen transport, coenzyme, AA and protein metabolism and synthesis

35
Q

iron deficiency

A

anemia, pica

36
Q

iron toxicity

A

chronic, hemochomatosis, iron poisoning

37
Q

iron recommendation

A

female: 18mg/day
male:8mg/day
pregnant: 27mg/day
UL: 45mg/day

38
Q

iron food sources

A

heme: animal not dairy

non-heme: animal and plant, legumes

39
Q

iodine functions

A

essential component of thyroid hormones

40
Q

iodine deficiency

A

goiter, mental retardation, cretinism

41
Q

iodine toxicity

A

interferes with thyroid function

42
Q

iodine food sources

A

kelp, seafood

43
Q

fluoride functions

A

strengthen tooth enamel

44
Q

fluoride deficiencies

A

dental caries

45
Q

fluoride toxicity

A

fluorosis

46
Q

fluoride food sources

A

fluoridated water, some fish and tea

47
Q

selenium functions

A

coenzyme to antioxidant enzymes, work with vitamin E

48
Q

selenium deficiency

A

keshans disease, weakening of heart, poor immunity

49
Q

selenium toxicity

A

loss of hair, brittle nails, nervous system damage

50
Q

selenium food sources

A

meats, seafood

51
Q

copper function

A

coenzyme

52
Q

copper deficiency

A

rare, secondary to iron

53
Q

copper toxicity

A

rare

54
Q

copper food

A

legumes, whole grains

Diet Therapy (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions