minerals Flashcards
what makes a mineral a major or trace mineral
if you need for than 100mg/day its a major mineral
what are the major minerals
sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium
sodium function
primary extracellular cation, fluid balance, nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction
sodium food
processed foods, snack foods, canned stuff
sodium deficiency
rare
sodium toxicity
edema, hypertension, stroke, chronic heart failure increased calcium loss
sodium recommendation
< 2300 mg/day, goal is < 1500 mg/day
potassium function
primary intracellular cation, fluid balance, nerve impulse transmission, muscle contractions
potassium food source
fruits and vegetables, milk
potassium recommendations `
4700mg/day
potassium deficiency
increased BP, kidney stones, irregular heartbeat, muscle weakness
potassium toxicity
rare, muscle weakness vomiting
what should the balance of sodium and potassium be
high potassium and low sodium
chloride functions
primary extracellular anion, fluid balance, component of stomach acid
chloride deficiency and toxicity
secondary to fluid intake or loss
chloride food
salty, processed foods
calcium functions
major component of bone, BP, muscle contraction, protein activation
calcium deficiency
osteoporosis
calcium toxicity
hypercalcemia, confusion, lethargy, cardiac arrhythmias
calcium food
milk and milk products
calcium recommendation
adults: 1000-2500 mg/day
phosphorus function
component of DNA, bones and teeth
phosphorus deficiency
rare, muscle weakness and bone loss
phosphorus toxicity
rare, loss of calcium
