Minerals Flashcards
A mineral must be
A. Solid
B. Liquid
Solid
A mineral must have A. Definite chemical composition B. whatever composition it wants C. A definite composition AND contain the same elements in the same properties D. None of the above
The correct answer is C. Aminal must have a definite chemical composition and contains the same elements in the same properties
A mineral must be..
A. Crystalline- formed from crystals
b- Rockalline- have rocks
A. A mineral must be Crystaline
What is a crystal?
Crystals or solids who’s Adams are arranged a definite repeating pattern.
What are the nine properties of a mineral
Hardness, color, specific gravity, crystal shape, streak, fracture or cleavage, luster, acid reaction, magnetism, florescence
What is the difference between fracture and cleavage
Fracture: mineral breaks irregularly with no flat surfaces
Cleavage: mineral breaks into flat surfaces
What is luster
Lester is a property of the mineral and is how the mineral reflects light
What are the four categories of luster
Glassy, waxy, metallic, earthy
What are minerals made of
Minerals are made of chemical elements. a chemical element is a substance made of one kind of atom
How can you calculate specific gravity of a mineral
Find the mass of the mineral in the mass of the minerals when suspended in water. Divide the mass of the mineral by the mass of the mineral suspended in water
How do you calculate the percentage error of specific gravity
Subtract the known specific gravity from your calculated specific gravity then divide this number by do you know the specific gravity I must put your new number by hundred
(ks- cs)/ks *100
What are the two ways minerals are classified
Minerals are classified by
- their composition or chemical formula
- If they have similar structure or shape.
What are silicates
Minerals containing silicon and oxygen
What are carbonates
Minerals containing carbon and three oxygen atoms
Metal+co3
What are sulfates
Minerals contain sulfur and four oxygens
Metal+so4
What are oxides
Minerals containing a metal atom+o
What are sulfites
Minerals containing a metal atom+s
What are native elements
Minerals contain a single metal atom
How do minerals form crystals
- Crystilization: crystals form as magma cools
2. Precipitation: minerals dissolved in water form a solution: crystals form when water evaporates
How does temperature affect crystal growth
The lower the temperature is the bigger the Crystal grows
How does pressure affect Crystal growth
The more pressure the bigger the crystals
A mineral must be…
A. Organic
B. Inorganic
Inorganic and cannot be formed from living things
