Minerals Flashcards
Fingernail
2.5
Penny
3
Knife
5.5
Glass
6
Ceramic
7
Opaque Diaphaneity
All light is reflected (Metallic Minerals)
Translucent Diaphaneity
Some light absorbed (most common)
Transparent Diaphaneity
Most light transmitted through
pyrite - use
“fool’s gold,” sulphuric acid
chalcopyrite - use
copper ore, wire
galena - use
lead ore, car batteries
sphalerite - use
zinc ore, galvanizing iron
magnetite - use
iron ore, steel
talc - use
talcum powder
gypsym - use
plaster, cement, wallboard
calcite - use
flux in steel making, cement (lime)
halite - use
road salt, sodium/chlorine
graphite - use
lubricant, steel hardening, high tech metal
muscovite - use
windows, insulators
biotite, amphibole, pyroxene - use
rock forming mineral
orthoclase - use
gemstones, ceramics
plagioglase - use
gemstones
quartz - use
gemstones, glass, electronics
olivine - use
gemstones
clevage types
basal, 2 directions(90 or not), cubic, rhombohedral, none
olivine
green
graphite
grey, basal
galena
silvery blue, opaque, cubic
sphalerite
brown grey, more than 3
chalcopyrite
yellow gold, opaque
pyrite
opaque
magnetite
dark grey, opaque
biotite
golden black, basal
muscovite
silvery beige, transparent, basal
plagioclase
white grey, 2@90
orthoclase
pink, 2@90
pyroxene
black-green, hints of yellow-brown, 2@90
amphibole
dark grey, 2, not 90
quartz
white, transparent
halite
smoky white, transparent, cubic
calcite
pink beige, rhombohedral
gypsum
transparent white, basal
talc
dirty white, basal
ferromagnesium (dark) silicates
olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, biotite
non-ferromagnesium (light) silicates
muscovite, feldspar, quartz
feldspar
K - Orthoclase, Ca-Na - plagioclase