Minerals

Question 1

Mineral

Answer 1

A naturally occurring inorganic solid that possesses an orderly internal structure and a definite chemical composition

Question 2

Primary minerals

Answer 2

Any mineral formed during the original solidification of the rock. They’re formed at high temperature and pressure, under reducing conditions without free oxygen

Question 3

Primary minerals examples

Answer 3

Quartz
Feldspar
Biotite
Olivine 
Bolemite

Question 4

Secondary minerals

Answer 4

Minerals that are formed at low temperatures and pressure through oxidation

Question 5

Secondary minerals examples

Answer 5

Illite
Haematite
Goethite
Kaolinite

Question 6

Mineral identification and classification

Answer 6

Colour
Specific gravity 
Crystal form 
Cleavage
Fracture 
Tenacity

Question 7

Main types of rocks

Answer 7

Igneous
Sedimentary
metamorphite

Question 8

Igneous rocks

Answer 8

Volcanoes erupt and liquid comes up to the Earth surface. Magma cools down very slowly and is very hard

Question 9

Types of igneous rocks

Answer 9

Granite
Diorite
Gabbro

Question 10

Sedimentary rocks examples

Answer 10

Breccia
Shale
Sandstone

Question 11

Metamorphic rocks

Answer 11

Earth’s crust moves and causes rocks to be squeezed so hard that the heat causes the rock to change.
They’re sedimentary rocks that have been transformed by great heat or pressure

Question 12

Metamorphic rocks examples

Answer 12

Slate

Marble

Question 13

Leaching

Answer 13

Takes place when water passes through soil, taking a substance with it