Mineral, Vitamins and consequence of deficiency on the body

Question 1

Name the five minerals.

Answer 1

Iron, Calcium, Phosporous, Iodine and Zinc.

Question 2

Name the functions of Iron.

Answer 2

1) Needed for production of red blood cells.
2) Nutrient for growth & repair.
3) Vital for transporting oxygen around the body
4) helps energy production.

Question 3

What are the main sources of iron?

Answer 3

Liver, spinach, red meat, chick peas, lentils, leafy green veg.

Question 4

Names the effects of deficiency of iron

Answer 4

Anaemia, pale look, fatigue, short of breath.

Question 5

Name the functions of calcium.

Answer 5

1) maintain healthy bones and teeth.
2) regulates muscle contractions (heart beat)
3) ensures that blood clots normally.

Question 6

What are the main sources of calcium?

Answer 6

Bread, milk, cheese, green veg and fish with edible bones (sardines).

Question 7

Name the effects of deficiency of calcium

Answer 7

Rickets, low bone density, osteoporosis.

Question 8

Name the functions of phosphorus.

Answer 8

1) Involved in reactions that turn chemical energy from food into work, and storing energy into muscles.
2) building and maintenance of teeth and bones.

Question 9

What are the main sources of phosphorus?

Answer 9

Meat, milk, fish, beans and fruit.

Question 10

Name the effects of phosporous deficiency.

Answer 10

Although very rare, rickets, low bone density, and osteoporosis.

Question 11

Name the function of iodine.

Answer 11

Produce hormones in thyroid gland that controls the rate of metabolism.

Question 12

What are the main sources of iodine?

Answer 12

Sea food, milk, cheese.

Question 13

Name the effects of deficiency for iodine.

Answer 13

Swollen thyroid (goitres) and hypothyroidism.

Question 14

Name the functions of zinc.

Answer 14

1) Sperm production
2) Growth
3) Healing of wounds
4) Blood Clotting

Question 15

What are the main sources of zinc?

Answer 15

Meat, eggs, peas and beans, cereal, nuts and milk.

Question 16

Name the four FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS

Answer 16

Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E and K.

Question 17

Functions of Vitamin A.

Answer 17

1) Growth and maintenance of cells
2) Night vision improved
3) aids development of cell structure, bones and teeth.

Question 18

Main sources of Vitamin A

Answer 18

Liver, eggs, cheese, milk, carrots.

Question 19

Deficiency of Vitamin A

Answer 19

Poor night vision

Question 20

Functions of Vitamin D

Answer 20

1) helps chemical reactions involved in absorbing calcium from food - helps build and maintain bones and teeth.
2) helps nerve tissue and muscles to work.

Question 21

Main sources of Vitamin D.

Answer 21

Oily fish, margarine, sunlight on skin.

Question 22

Deficiency of Vitamin D.

Answer 22

Rickets, Osteomalacia (softening of bones).

Question 23

Functions of Vitamin E

Answer 23

1) Slows down damage to cells

2) helps build red blood cells

Question 24

Main sources of Vitamin E

Answer 24

Vegetable oils, nuts and whole grain foods.

Question 25

Deficiency of Vitamin E

Answer 25

Anaemia

Question 26

Function of Vitamin K

Answer 26

Helps produce blood clotting proteins

Question 27

Main sources of Vitamin K

Answer 27

Green leafy veg, eggs and pork.

Question 28

Deficiency of Vitamin K

Answer 28

Failure of blood clotting.

Question 29

Vitamin B1, B2, B3, B9, B12 and C.

Name the six WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINS

Answer 29

Vitamin B1, B2, B3, B9, B12 and C.

Question 30

Name and Function of Vitamin B1

Answer 30

Thiamin

Helps reaction that releases energy from carbs in muscles and nerve cells.

Question 31

Main sources of B1.

Answer 31

Liver, kidney, whole-grain foods, peas, beans and cereals.

Question 32

Deficiency of B1.

Answer 32

Beri Beri (affects cardiovascular system)

Question 33

Name and Functions of B2

Answer 33

Riboflavin

1) Helps reaction that releases energy from carbs
2) regulates hormone production
3) Maintains nerve cells, eyes and skin

Question 34

Main sources of B2

Answer 34

Meat, fish, poultry, peas, beans and whole-grain foods.

Question 35

Deficiency of B2

Answer 35

Mouth Sores

Question 36

Name and Functions of B3

Answer 36

Niacin

1) Enzyme reactions helped that release energy from fats and carbs
2) helps nerve production
3) helps production of sex hormones

Question 37

Main Sources of B3

Answer 37

Meat, poultry, fish, peas and beans, whole-grain foods.

Question 38

Deficiency of B3

Answer 38

Pellagra (skin darkens and becomes scaly)

Question 39

Name and functions of B9

Answer 39

Folic Acid

1) Helps build body cells
2) Helps build nucleic acids including DNA

Question 40

Main sources of B9

Answer 40

Liver, leafy veg, peas and beans, nuts.

Question 41

Deficiency of B9

Answer 41

Anaemia, and Spina Bifida

Question 42

Name and functions of B12

Answer 42

Cobalamin

1) Helps the functioning of the brain and nervous system 2) helps formation of red blood cells

Question 43

Main Sources of B12

Answer 43

Fish, Meat, Poultry, eggs and milk.

Question 44

Deficiency of B12

Answer 44

Anaemia, and weight loss

Question 45

Name and functions of Vitamin C

Answer 45

Ascorbic Acid

1) produces adrenaline
2) maintenance of health bones, teeth, gums and blood vessels
3) wound healing

Question 46

Deficiency of Vitamin C

Answer 46

Scurvy

Question 47

Sources of Vitamin C

Answer 47

Citrus fruits