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Mineralogy > Mineral Identification > Flashcards

Mineral Identification Flashcards

1
Q

Metallic

A

opaque

reflects most light

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2
Q

Resinous

A

dull

waxy

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3
Q

Pearly

A

greasy

reflects some light

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4
Q

Adamantine

A

brilliant

high refractive index

ex: diamond

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5
Q

Vitreous

A

glassy

low refractive index

ex: quartz

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6
Q

Prismatic

A

well-developed pyramidal prism faces

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7
Q

Columnar

A

irregular prism faces

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8
Q

Acicular

A

needle-like

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9
Q

Botryoidal

A

rounded

blob/bubble-like

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10
Q

Tabular

A

flattened columns

plate-like

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11
Q

Stellate

A

radiating sprays of needles / fibers

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12
Q

Fibrous

A

parallel fibers

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13
Q

Dendritic

A

tree-like

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14
Q

7 Mineral Properties

A
  1. Crystal form and habit
  2. Luster and transparency
  3. Color and streak
  4. Cleavage, fracture, and parting
  5. Tenacity
  6. Density
  7. Hardness
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15
Q

Transparency

A

May be opaque, transparent, or translucent

Luster is a reflectance property that depends on the transparency of a mineral

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16
Q

Luster

A

Reflectance property based on the transparancy of a mineral

opaque minerals may appear metallic or dull and resinous

transparent minerals with a high RI appear brilliant and adamantine ex: diamond

transparent minerals with a low RI appear glassy and vitreous ex: quartz

17
Q

Cleavage, Fracture, and Parting

A

In most xtals, atomic bonding is not of equal strength in all directions therefore, the weaker bonds tend to break along crystallographic directions giving them a fracture property that reflects the underlying structure.

perfect cleavage results in regular flat faces

less well-developed cleavage is **imperfect **

very weak cleavage is parting

if a fracture is irregular, it is hackly

conchoidal is an irregular scallop-shape

18
Q

Tenacity

A

The ability of a mineral to deform plastically under stress

brittle - does not deform

sectile - may be cut with a knife

ductile - deforms readily

19
Q

Density

A

g/cm3

density = mass / volume

20
Q

Hardness

A

Mohs scale of Hardness

Approx. linear scale of standard minerals

  1. Talc
  2. Gypsum
  3. Calcite
  4. Fluorite
  5. Apatite
  6. Orthoclase
  7. Quartz
  8. Topaz
  9. Corundum
  10. Diamond

Mineralogy (10 decks)

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