Military History pt 1 Flashcards
What are the 4 uses of Military History?
- Lessons learned
- Understand the enemy- diplomacy
- Human side of War- how we affect civilians, grief, consequences, families, ourselves
- Doctrine development
What is the particular knowledge of what happened called?
History
What is the general knowledge of what things mean?
Theory
What is the common behavior of what to do about it called?
Doctrine
3 common preconditions for a Revolution in Military Affairs?
- Technological Developments- Internet, GPS, Atom bomb
- Doctrine Innovations- creating a new doctrine
- Organizational Adaptation- institutional transformation
What are the 2 types of Threads of Continuity?
- Internal
2. External
What are the 7 Internal Threads?
- Military Professionalism
- Logistics and Administration
- Operations
- Strategy- large scale
- Tactics- small scale
- Leadership
- Military Theory and Doctrine
What are 5 External Threads?
- Political Factors
- Social Factors- culture, religion, education
- Economic Factors- material resources
- Technology- transportation, weaponry, communications, medicine
- Military Geography- how landscape effects strategy
The 9 Principles of War can be abbreviated as what?
MOOSE MUSS
What are the 9 principles of war?
Mass Objective Offensive Security Economy Maneuver Unity Surprise Simplicity
Describe progression of gun technology
- 15th century. small cannon, Touch Hole for ignition, short range
- Flash Pan
- Matchlock
- Wheel-lock- like lighter
- Flintlock- 1612.
Who fought in the first war between whites and Indians?
Pequots (Sassacus) and New England settlers (Gov John Endicott) in 1637
What was the important takeaway from the Pequots War in terms of fighting strategy?
We learned a sneaky way to fight
What started the French and Indian War?
early 1750’s, French threw out Washington and took over fort. English and French fought for territory.
What is the nickname of the French and Indian War?
7 years war
What treaty ended the French and Indian War?
Treaty of Paris in 1763.
What was outcome of French and Indian War?
Proclamation Line, British given all land east of Mississippi, including Canada
Significance of Colonial Wars?
English in debt and wanted Americans to pay for it. Tension between “colonials” and Englishman.
How did British view the colonists?
undisciplined, apathy, greed, volunteer mentality
How did colonists view the British?
arbitrary discipline, contemptuous manner, forcing people to do labor
What were some of the Acts passed by the British to get money from the colonists?
- Sugar Act
- Currency Act
- Quartering Act
- Stamp Act
(Taxation without representation) - Tea Act- Boston Tea Party (1773)
What started Battle of Lexington and Concord in 1775?
British go to Concord to seize colonies weapons. (Paul Revere)
What was the significance of Battle of Lexington and Concord?
Siege of Boston, rebel propaganda, beginning of Revolutionary War
What was the first major battle of the Revolutionary War?
Battle of Bunker/Breeds Hill in 1775 (costly win for British)
When was Declaration of Independence signed?
July 4th, 1776
Describe the “Christmas Campaign”
1776, Washington took 2400 men across Delaware River to surprise-attack 1500 British-Hessians at Trenton, NJ. Much-needed morale boost.
What was the major turning point of the American Revolution?
The Battle of Saratoga in 1777, led by Generals Gates and Arnold
Who trained American soldiers at Valley Forge?
Baron Frederich Von Steuben of Prussia. (brought Little Blue Book, D and C)
Who provided ships for our aid?
French. (Spain joined as well)
Who was forced to surrender in Yorktown, effectively ending the Revolution?
General Cornwallis, 1781
What was most popular weapon of the American Revolution?
Flintlock musket (and matchlock and wheellock)
