Milgrams Flashcards
What was the aim of Milgram’s study?
To investigate obedience to authority figures.
What was the procedure used in Milgram’s study?
Participants were instructed to administer electric shocks to a learner for incorrect answers.
What type of sample did Milgram use for his study?
A self selecting sample consisting of 40 male participants between the ages of 20 and 65 from New Haven, Conneticut
True or False: Milgram’s study had a high level of ecological validity (relating to real life)
False.
Fill in the blank: Milgram’s study is often criticized for its _______.
ethical issues (as participants were not protected well from psychological harm, were deceived as the participants did not know they were not actually inflicting harm to the learner, and didn’t get fully informed consent as they did not know the true purpose of the study)
What did Milgram’s study reveal about human behavior?
It revealed that individuals are willing to obey authority figures even when it conflicts with their personal conscience.
What was one limitation regarding the reliability of Milgram’s study?
The study lacked consistency in participant responses due to the emotional stress involved.
List two factors that may affect the validity of Milgram’s findings.
- The artificial setting of the experiment - ecological
- The lack of real consequences for participants
Participants may have known the shocks were fake but continued to participate, skewing results - lowering internal validity - construct
What was the primary ethical concern regarding Milgram’s study?
The psychological distress caused to participants.
What is the main focus of Milgram’s study?
The study focuses on obedience to authority.
What was the setting of Milgram’s study?
The study was conducted at Yale University.
What was the role of the participants in Milgram’s study?
Participants acted as ‘teachers’ administering shocks.
What did the ‘learner’ do in Milgram’s study?
The ‘learner’ was actually a confederate pretending to receive shocks.
What was the maximum voltage used in Milgram’s study?
The maximum voltage was 450 volts.
Fill in the blank: Milgram’s study revealed that a significant percentage of participants were willing to administer _______ levels of shocks.
[high]
True or False: Milgram’s study concluded that situational factors have little impact on obedience.
False
What ethical concerns were raised by Milgram’s study?
Concerns included psychological stress and deception.
What percentage of participants administered the highest shock level in Milgram’s study?
About 65% of participants.
What concept did Milgram’s study contribute to social psychology?
The concept of obedience to authority figures.
What was the reaction of participants after the experiment in Milgram’s study?
Many expressed distress and moral conflict.
Fill in the blank: Milgram’s study demonstrated the power of _______ in influencing behavior.
[authority]
What did the variations in Milgram’s study demonstrate?
They demonstrated how different factors affect obedience.
List some variations that affected obedience in Milgram’s study.
- Proximity of the learner
- Proximity of the authority figure
- Location of the experiment
Who was the experimenter in Milgram’s study?
A confederate dressed in a lab coat.
What did the participants believe they were part of in Milgram’s study?
A study on learning and memory.
