Milestones and Immunisations Flashcards
What is Child health surveillance?
- Important part of community
- Involves childhood screening
- Immunisations
- Delivers universal health promoting activities like childsmile
- Early interventions to address needs
When is Screening of a child done?
Previously done;
- 6-8weeks
- 8 months
- 2 years
- 3-4years
Now more targeted and opportunistic approach for child that needs more or less etc
What is involved in the screening process of a child?
- Check milestones
- Check vaccinations
- Deliver health promotion and health and safety
- Target supervision and interventions for risk groups
How is school used as a screening tool for a child?
- Personal social and emotional development tracked
- Physical development
- Communication skills including hearing and vision assessment (hearing aid or glasses provided before its lost completely perhaps)
What is important reminder for parents in regard to development milestones?
- Each child develops at own pace
- Don’t worry if child not hitting developmental milestone
What is the child expected to be able to do at 1 month old?
- Raise head from surface when lying on tummy
- Pays attention to someone’s face in their direct line of vision
- Moves arm and legs in energetic pattern
- Likes to be held and rocked
What is the child expected to be able to do at 2 months?
- Smiles and coos
- Rolls part way to side when lying on back
- Grunts and sighs
What is the child expected to be able to do at 3 months?
- Eyes follow moving object
- Able to hold head erect
- Grasps objects when placed in hand
- Babbles
What is the child expected to be able to do at 4 months?
- Hold rattle for extended period of time
- Laugh out loud
- Can sit supported for short periods of time
- Recognise bottle and familiar faces
What is the child expected to be able to do at 5 months?
- Reach for and hold objects
- Stands firmly when held
- Stretches out arms to be picked up
- Likes to play peek-a-boo
What is the child expected to be able to do at 6 months?
- Turns over from back to stomach
- Turn towards sound
- Sits with little support
- Reach out for things out of reach and grasp objects to bring to mouth
- Listen to own voice
- Crows and squeals
- Holds, sucks, bites cookie or anything and begin chewing
What is the child expected to be able to do at 7 months?
- Transfer object from one hand to other
- Sit for few mins without support
- Pats and smiles at image in mirror
- Creeps (pulling body with arms and kicking with legs)
- Shy at first with strangers
What is the child expected to be able to do at 8 months?
- Sit steadily for about 5 mins
- Crawls on hands and knees
- Grasps things with thumb and first two fingers
- Likes to be near parent
What is the child expected to be able to do at 9 months?
- Says mama or dada
- Responds to name
- Can stand for short time
- Able to hit two objects together on own
- Copies sounds
What is the child expected to be able to do at 10 months?
- Able to pull self up at side of crib or playpen
- Can drink from cup when its held
What is the child expected to be able to do at 11 months?
- Can walk holding onto furniture
- Can find object placed under another object
- Start to get to age where injuries occur to teeth and lip from landing or face planting ground or other objects
What is the child expected to be able to do at 12 months?
- Waves bye bye
- Can walk with one hand held
- Says two words besides mama or dada
- Enjoys some solid foods
- Finger feeds self
- Likes to have audience
What is the child expected to be able to do at 15 months?
- Walks by self and stop creeping
- Shows desires by pointing and gesturing
- Scribbles on paper after shown
- Begins using spoon
- Cooperates with dressing (likes and dislikes)
What is the child expected to be able to do at 18 months?
- Can build tower with 3 blocks
- Likes to climb and take things apart
- Can say 6 words
- Drinks from cup held in both hands
- Likes to help parent
What is the child expected to be able to do at 2 years?
- Able to run
- Walks up and down stairs using alternate feet
- Says about 50 words
- Sometimes uses 2 word sentences
- Point to object in book
What is the child expected to be able to do at 3 years?
- Repeat 2 numbers in a row
- Knows gender
- Dresses self except buttoning
- Copy a circle
- Can follow commands on, under or behind
- Knows most parts of body
- Build tower of 9 blocks
Why are childhood vaccinations important?
- Prevent certain infectious diseases where risk of vaccination are lower than risks of disease
- Reduce or eliminate infectious diseases from community by reducing number of susceptible vectors - Herd immunity
What vaccinations are available for children?
- Diptheria
- Tetanus
- HIB
- Typhoid
- Polio
- HPV
- Measles
- Mumps
- Rubella
- Hep A
- Hep B
- Meningitis B and C
- Varicella
- Influenza
- Covid-19
What is a recent change regarding Polio vaccine?
- Previously oral polio vaccine
- Now inactivated polio vaccine
- Less side effects
